In present study, a simple carbon paste electrode modified with iron oxide nanoparticles was used as an electrochemical sensor to analyze phenolic compounds. The combination of differential pulse voltammetry technique with partial least-squares multivariable analysis enabled simultaneous determination of six different compounds in phenolic mixtures (2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and phenol). The proposed sensor was trained with standard mixtures to learn about fingerprint (current responses in voltammograms) before further applications in analysis of test mixtures and real samples. The results have shown that the proposed method is applicable to simultaneously detect six interested compounds with acceptable relative standard errors (less than 20% in most cases). These findings provide an effective tool for in situ and low-cost cost analysis of phenolic contaminants in water environments and phenolic compounds in foodstuffs.

Graphical abstract

在本研究中，使用氧化铁纳米粒子修饰的简单碳糊电极用作电化学传感器来分析酚类化合物。差分脉冲伏安法与偏最小二乘多元分析相结合，可以同时测定酚混合物中的六种不同化合物（2,4-二甲基苯酚，2,4,6-三氯苯酚，2,4-二氯苯酚，3-硝基苯酚，4 -硝基苯酚和苯酚）。建议的传感器经过标准混合物的培训，以了解指纹（伏安图中的电流响应），然后再进一步用于分析测试混合物和真实样品。结果表明，所提出的方法适用于同时检测六种感兴趣的化合物，它们具有可接受的相对标准误差（大多数情况下小于20％）。

图形概要