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A simple and novel synthetic route to prepare anatase TiO 2 nanopowders from natural ilmenite via the H 3 PO 4 /NH 3 process
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s12613-020-2030-3
Lalinda Palliyaguru , Ushan S. Kulathunga , Lakruwani I. Jayarathna , Champa D. Jayaweera , Pradeep M. Jayaweera

A simple and novel technique for the preparation of anatase TiO2 nanopowders using natural ilmenite (FeTiO3) as the starting material is reported. Digesting ilmenite with concentrated H3PO4 under refluxing conditions yields a white α-titanium bismonohydrogen orthophosphate monohydrate (TOP), Ti(HPO4)2·H2O, which can be easily isolated via gravity separation from unreacted ilmenite. The addition of ammonia to the separated TOP followed by calcination at 500°C completes the preparation of anatase TiO2. Calcination at temperatures above 800°C converts the anatase form of TiO2 to the stable rutile phase. The removal of iron from ilmenite during the commercial production of synthetic TiO2 is problematic and environmentally unfriendly. In the present study, the removal of iron was found to be markedly simple due to the high solubility of iron phosphate species in concentrated H3PO4 with the precipitation of TOP. The titanium content of the prepared samples on metal basis with silica and phosphorous as major impurities was over 90%. Prepared TiO2 samples were characterized using X-ray fluorescence, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses. The photocatalytic potentials of the commercial and as-prepared TiO2 samples were assessed by the photodegradation of rhodamine B dye.



中文翻译:

通过H 3 PO 4 / NH 3工艺从天然钛铁矿制备锐钛矿型TiO 2纳米粉的简单新颖合成途径

报道了一种以天然钛铁矿(FeTiO 3)为起始原料制备锐钛矿型TiO 2纳米粉的简单新颖的技术。在回流条件下用浓缩的H 3 PO 4消化钛铁矿,得到白色α-钛双正磷酸正氢钛一水合物(TOP)Ti(HPO 42 ·H 2 O,可以通过重力分离很容易从未反应的钛铁矿中分离出来。向分离的TOP中添加氨,然后在500℃下煅烧完成了锐钛矿型TiO 2的制备。在高于800°C的温度下煅烧可转化为锐钛矿形式的TiO 2到稳定的金红石相。在合成TiO 2的商业生产过程中从钛铁矿中去除铁是有问题的并且对环境不利。在本研究中,发现铁的去除非常简单,这是由于磷酸铁类物质在高浓度的H 3 PO 4中伴随着TOP的沉淀而具有高溶解度。以二氧化硅和磷为主要杂质的金属样品的钛含量超过90%。制备的TiO 2使用X射线荧光,傅里叶变换红外光谱,拉曼光谱,紫外可见漫反射光谱,高分辨率透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析对样品进行表征。通过罗丹明B染料的光降解来评估市售和制备的TiO 2样品的光催化潜力。

更新日期:2020-06-10
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