Based on new geological data and the analysis of a 4 m spatial resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM), we provide a detailed and comprehensive description of section of the Chingual Cosanga Pallatanga Puna Fault System, a major active fault system in Ecuador. This work allows estimating new slip rates and large earthquakes parameters (displacement, recurrence) along a ∼100 km-long section of the continental-scale dextral shear zone that accommodates the extrusion of the North Andean Sliver with respect to the South America continental Plate. We focus on the NE-SW Pallatanga strike-slip fault zone and related contractional and transcurrent features that extend to the north in the Inter-Andean valley and the Cordillera Real, respectively. The detailed analysis of the available DEM allowed mapping a series of lineaments at the regional scale and along the entire fault system. Field studies on key areas show valley deflections, aligned and elongated hills of Tertiary or Quaternary sediments, as well as faulted Holocene deposits and even preserved coseismic free-face ruptures in some places. Such morphological anomalies strongly suggest that those landscape scars represent long-living (Holocene to historical times) earthquake faults. Altogether, these new data confirm that very large crustal earthquakes (M∼7.5) have been generated along the fault system, probably during multiple segment ruptures. This conclusion agrees with reports of large earthquakes during historical times (post-1532 CE) in 1698, 1797, and 1949. They all occurred in the vicinity of the Pallatanga fault, causing catastrophic effects on environmental and cultural features. Based on new sample dating of both soils and volcanic series, we infer that the NE-SW dextral Pallatanga fault slips at rates ranging from ∼2 to 6 mm/yr for southern and central strands of the studied area, respectively. Further north, surface faulting is distributed and the deformation appears to be partitioned between sub-meridian fault-related folds (∼2 mm/yr) and NE-SW strike-slip fault(s), like the ∼1 mm/yr Pisayambo Fault that ruptured the surface in 2010. All this information offers the opportunity to size the earthquake sources for further seismic hazard analyses.

基于新的地质数据和4 m空间分辨率数字高程模型（DEM）的分析，我们提供了厄瓜多尔主要的活动断层系统Chingual Cosanga Pallatanga Puna断层系统部分的详细而全面的描述。这项工作可以估算大陆规模右旋剪切带约100公里长段上的新滑移率和大地震参数（位移，复发），该区域可适应北安第斯条带相对于南美大陆板块的挤压。我们将重点放在NE-SW Pallatanga走滑断层带以及相关的收缩和横流特征上，这些特征分别向北延伸至安第斯山间山谷和科尔迪拉雷亚尔。对可用DEM的详细分析允许在区域范围内以及整个断层系统中绘制一系列线。对关键地区的野外研究表明，河谷变形，第三纪或第四纪沉积物的排列和拉长的山丘，断层全新世沉积甚至在某些地方还保留了同震自由面破裂。这种形态异常强烈表明，这些景观疤痕代表着长寿命（从历史到全新世）的地震断层。总而言之，这些新数据证实，沿着断层系统已经发生了很大的地壳地震（M〜7.5），可能是在多段破裂中。这一结论与1698年，1797年和1949年的历史时期（1532年后）发生的大地震有关。这些地震都发生在Pallatanga断层附近，对环境和文化特征造成灾难性影响。根据对土壤和火山系列的新样本测年，我们推断，研究区域的南部和中部地区，NE-SW右旋Pallatanga断层的滑动速率分别为〜2至6 mm / yr。再往北，地表断层分布，变形似乎在子午线断层相关褶皱（〜2 mm / yr）和NE-SW走滑断层之间划分，如〜1 mm / yr Pisayambo断层。于2010年使地表破裂。所有这些信息提供了确定地震震源大小以进行进一步地震危险分析的机会。我们推断，研究区域的南部和中部股线NE-SW右旋Pallatanga断层的滑动速率分别为每年约2至6 mm。再往北，地表断层分布，变形似乎在子午线断层相关褶皱（〜2 mm / yr）和NE-SW走滑断层之间划分，如〜1 mm / yr Pisayambo断层。于2010年使地表破裂。所有这些信息提供了确定地震震源大小以进行进一步地震危险分析的机会。我们推断，研究区域的南部和中部股线NE-SW右旋Pallatanga断层的滑动速率分别为每年约2至6 mm。再往北，地表断层分布，变形似乎在子午线断层相关褶皱（〜2 mm / yr）和NE-SW走滑断层之间划分，如〜1 mm / yr Pisayambo断层。于2010年使地表破裂。所有这些信息提供了确定地震震源大小以进行进一步地震危险分析的机会。