Green space and its spatial formation are important elements of public welfare in urban environments and green ecosystems in big cities largely contribute to the mental and physical health of citizens. Tehran is Iran’s biggest and most polluted city and air pollution in this city causes loss of human lives due to respiratory diseases. The effect of green area has been less studied in former researches in Tehran, and the reducing effects of green landscape on the mortality of respiratory diseases have not yet been evaluated. To measure the effects of green area landscape patterns (fragmentation, area-edge, shape, and aggregation) on public health, the current study evaluated the pathways and effects of green space on air pollution and the mortality of respiratory diseases using structural equation modeling approach and the partial least squares method. The results of the study indicated green space has a significant mitigating effect on air pollution and mortality of respiratory diseases and also air pollution has a meaningful increasing effect on mortality due to respiratory diseases in Tehran. The most important latent variable in green space is class area that indicates more area of green space is correlated with less mortality of respiratory diseases. The most important indicator of air pollution was the PM_2.5 that needs to be considered and controlled by urban policymakers. Accordingly, maximizing the green area and its cohesion and minimizing fragmentation and green patch edge can contribute to a reduction in air pollution and consequently lower mortality of citizens.

绿地及其空间形成是城市环境中公共福利的重要元素，大城市中的绿色生态系统在很大程度上有助于公民的身心健康。德黑兰是伊朗最大和污染最严重的城市，该城市的空气污染由于呼吸道疾病而导致人员伤亡。在德黑兰的先前研究中，对绿地的影响研究较少，并且尚未评估绿色景观对呼吸道疾病死亡率的影响。要衡量绿地景观格局（碎片，区域边缘，形状和聚集）对公共卫生的影响，当前的研究使用结构方程模型化方法和偏最小二乘方法评估了绿色空间对空气污染的途径和影响以及呼吸系统疾病的死亡率。研究结果表明，绿色空间对空气污染和呼吸系统疾病的死亡率具有显着的缓解作用，并且空气污染对德黑兰呼吸系统疾病引起的死亡率也具有有意义的增加作用。绿地中最重要的潜在变量是分类面积，这表明绿地面积越大与呼吸系统疾病的死亡率越低相关。空气污染的最重要指标是PM 研究结果表明，绿色空间对空气污染和呼吸道疾病的死亡率具有显着的缓解作用，而且空气污染对德黑兰由于呼吸道疾病引起的死亡率也具有有意义的增加作用。绿地中最重要的潜在变量是类别面积，它表明绿地面积越大，呼吸系统疾病的死亡率越低。空气污染的最重要指标是PM 研究结果表明，绿色空间对空气污染和呼吸道疾病的死亡率具有显着的缓解作用，而且空气污染对德黑兰由于呼吸道疾病引起的死亡率也具有有意义的增加作用。绿地中最重要的潜在变量是类别面积，它表明绿地面积越大，呼吸系统疾病的死亡率越低。空气污染的最重要指标是PM_2.5需要由城市决策者考虑和控制。因此，最大化绿色区域及其凝聚力，最大程度地减少碎片和绿色斑块边缘，可有助于减少空气污染，从而降低公民死亡率。