Aging is one of the major risk factors for suffering cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Due to the increase in life expectancy, there is a strong interest in the search for anti-aging strategies to treat and prevent these aging-induced disorders. Both omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) exert numerous metabolic and cardiovascular benefits in the elderly. In addition, EVOO constitutes an interesting ingredient to stabilize ω-3 PUFA and decrease their oxidation process due to its high content in antioxidant compounds. ω-3 PUFA are commonly obtained from fish. However, more ecological and sustainable sources, such as algae oil (AO) can also be used. In this study, we aimed to study the possible beneficial effect of an oil mixture composed by EVOO (75%) and AO (25%) rich in ω-3 PUFA (35% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 20% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)) on the cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging. For this purpose; young (three months old) and old (24 months old) male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or with the oil mixture (2.5 mL/kg) for 21 days. Treatment with the oil mixture prevented the aging-induced increase in the serum levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the aging-induced decrease in the serum concentrations of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Old treated rats showed increased serum concentrations of EPA and DHA and decreased HOMA-IR index and circulating levels of total cholesterol, insulin and IL-6. Treatment with the oil mixture increased the mRNA levels of antioxidant and insulin sensitivity-related enzymes, as well as reduced the gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in the liver and in cardiac and aortic tissues. In addition, the treatment also prevented the aging-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular insulin resistance through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Moreover, aortic rings from old rats treated with the oil mixture showed a decreased response to the vasoconstrictor AngII. In conclusion, treatment with a mixture of EVOO and AO improves the lipid profile, insulin sensitivity and vascular function in aged rats and decreases aging-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, and in the cardiovascular system. Thus, it could be an interesting strategy to deal with cardiometabolic alterations associated with aging

中文翻译：

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藻类和特级初榨橄榄油的混合物减轻了与雄性Wistar大鼠衰老相关的心脏代谢变化。

衰老是罹患心血管和代谢疾病的主要危险因素之一。由于预期寿命的增加，人们对于寻找抗衰老策略来治疗和预防这些衰老引起的疾病有着浓厚的兴趣。欧米茄3多不饱和脂肪酸（ω-3PUFA）和特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）均对老年人产生许多代谢和心血管益处。此外，EVOO由于其在抗氧化剂化合物中的含量较高，因此是稳定ω-3PUFA并减少其氧化过程的有趣成分。ω-3PUFA通常从鱼类获得。但是，也可以使用更多的生态和可持续资源，例如藻油（AO）。在这个研究中，我们旨在研究由富含ω-3PUFA（35％二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和20％二十碳五烯酸（EPA））的EVOO（75％）和AO（25％）组成的油混合物可能对人体产生的有益作用。与衰老相关的心脏代谢改变。以此目的; 用媒介物或油混合物（2.5 mL / kg）处理小（三个月大）和大（24个月大）雄性Wistar大鼠21天。用油混合物处理可防止衰老引起的饱和脂肪酸（SFA）血清水平升高和衰老引起的单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）血清浓度下降。老年大鼠的EPA和DHA血清浓度升高，HOMA-IR指数降低，总胆固醇，胰岛素和IL-6循环水平降低。用该油混合物处理可增加抗氧化剂和胰岛素敏感性相关酶的mRNA水平，并降低肝脏，心脏和主动脉组织中促炎性标志物的基因表达。另外，该治疗还通过激活PI3K / Akt途径防止了衰老引起的内皮功能障碍和血管胰岛素抵抗。而且，用该油混合物处理的老大鼠的主动脉环显示出对血管收缩剂AngII的降低的反应。总之，用EVOO和AO的混合物治疗可改善老年大鼠的脂质分布，胰岛素敏感性和血管功能，并减少肝脏和心血管系统中衰老引起的炎症和氧化应激。从而，