Two-dimensional materials with abundant in-plane pores (porous 2D materials) have shown high performances as catalysts, especially for photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, owing to their distinct microstructural advantages originating from both 2D materials and porous materials. Here, the recent progress in porous 2D materials in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is reviewed. We first highlight the influence of their special structural merits on the processes of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, including transport of ion and/or charge carriers, surface active sites, stability, modifications, electronic band structure, and light absorption properties. Representative synthetic methods for porous 2D materials are also introduced classified by top-down and bottom-up routes. In addition, their applications in different aspects of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis are presented systematically. In conclusion, we propose some opportunities and challenges for the development of porous 2D materials, with the hope of further facilitating the applications of these emerging advanced materials in photocatalysis and electrolysis.

具有丰富的平面内孔的二维材料（多孔2D材料）由于其源自2D材料和多孔材料的独特的微结构优势，已显示出作为催化剂的高性能，特别是对于光催化和电催化。在此，对多孔2D材料在光催化和电催化方面的最新进展进行了综述。我们首先强调它们的特殊结构优点对光催化和电催化过程的影响，包括离子和/或载流子的传输，表面活性位点，稳定性，修饰，电子能带结构和光吸收特性。还介绍了代表性的多孔2D材料合成方法，按自顶向下和自底向上路线分类。此外，系统地介绍了它们在光催化和电催化不同方面的应用。总之，我们为多孔2D材料的开发提出了机遇和挑战，希望进一步促进这些新兴的先进材料在光催化和电解中的应用。