Abstract—

The surface morphology and composition of a NbC/C composite prepared via thermal decomposition of the products of reaction between NbCl₅ and acetylene [9] have been studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the NbC thus synthesized consists of nanocrystals. The surface layer of the NbC/C composite contains nine carbon atoms per Nb atom. The niobium is present in the form of the NbC carbide (33%) and the NbO₂ (10%) and Nb₂O₅ (57%) oxides, with Nb 3d_5/2 electron binding energies of 203.8, 205.0, and 207.2 eV, which are tentatively attributed to Nb²⁺ (NbC), Nb⁴⁺, and Nb⁵⁺ ions, respectively. The presence of NbO₂ and Nb₂O₅ in the surface layer is due to active reaction of the NbC/C composite with atmospheric oxygen and moisture during the sample preparation process. Our results on the structure of the C1s electron spectra lead us to assume that the carbon on the surface of the composite particles has the form of a graphene-like carbon material. The composite does not become charged when exposed to an X-ray beam, which suggests that it is a weak dielectric.

中文翻译：

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扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱研究NbC / C复合材料的表面形态和组成

摘要—

通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱研究了通过热分解NbCl ₅和乙炔之间的反应产物制备的NbC / C复合材料的表面形态和组成[9]。结果表明，由此合成的NbC由纳米晶体组成。NbC / C复合材料的表面层每个Nb原子包含9个碳原子。铌以NbC碳化物（33％）和NbO ₂（10％）和Nb ₂ O ₅（57％）氧化物的形式存在，Nb 3 d _5/2电子结合能为203.8、205.0和207.2 eV，暂定归因于Nb ²⁺（NbC），Nb ⁴⁺和Nb分别有^5+个离子。表层中NbO ₂和Nb ₂ O ₅的存在是由于在样品制备过程中NbC / C复合材料与大气中的氧气和水分发生了主动反应。我们对C1的结构导致小号电子谱导致我们假定复合颗粒的表面上的碳具有石墨烯状碳材料的形式。当暴露于X射线束时，复合材料不会带电，这表明它是一种弱电介质。