Aim of the present manuscript is to provide an overview of all possible methods and light source typologies used by the different research groups for obtaining the energetic nano-materials’ photo-ignition, showing the latest progress related to such phenomenon employing, also, alternative radiation sources to the common Xe lamp. In fact, the employment of a different source typology can open new usage prospects respect to those enabled by the Xe lamp, mainly due to its technological limitations. Therefore, several studies are faced to test light sources, such as lasers and LEDs, for igniting the nano-energetic materials (as CNTs mixed with metallic catalyzers, Al / CuO nano-particles, etc); these nano-materials are usefully employed for starting, in volumetric and controlled way, the combustion of air-fuel mixtures inside internal combustion engines, leading to significant benefits to the combustion process also in terms of efficiency, reliability, and emissions of pollutants. Several research works are presented in literature concerning the ignition of liquid / gaseous fuels, without nano-particles, employing laser sources (i.e laser-based plugs in place of the common spark plugs); therefore, an innovative solution is proposed that employs multi-point laser-plugs for inducing the ignition of nano-materials dispersed into the air-fuel mixture inside the cylinder, so further improving the combustion of the fuel in an internal combustion engine.

中文翻译：

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碳纳米管和高能纳米材料的光诱导点火：富纳米颗粒燃料燃烧的方法和先进技术解决方案的综述

本手稿的目的是概述不同研究组用于获得高能纳米材料光点火的所有可能方法和光源类型，以显示与这种现象相关的最新进展，以及替代辐射光源到普通的氙气灯。实际上，主要由于其技术限制，采用不同的源类型可以为Xe灯启用的使用开辟新的使用前景。因此，为了点燃纳米高能材料（如与金属催化剂混合的碳纳米管，Al / CuO纳米粒子等），需要进行一些研究来测试诸如激光和LED等光源。这些纳米材料可用于以体积和受控方式起始，内燃机内部空气-燃料混合物的燃烧，从而在燃烧效率，可靠性和污染物排放方面也给燃烧过程带来了显着的好处。关于使用液态激光源（即以激光为基础的火花塞代替普通火花塞）的无纳米颗粒的液态/气态燃料着火的文献，有几项研究工作。因此，提出了一种创新的解决方案，该解决方案采用多点激光塞来诱导散布在气缸内空气-燃料混合物中的纳米材料的着火，从而进一步改善了内燃机中燃料的燃烧。关于使用液态激光源（即以激光为基础的火花塞代替普通火花塞）的无纳米颗粒的液态/气态燃料着火的文献，有几项研究工作。因此，提出了一种创新的解决方案，该解决方案采用多点激光塞来诱导散布在气缸内空气-燃料混合物中的纳米材料的着火，从而进一步改善了内燃机中燃料的燃烧。关于使用液态激光源（即以激光为基础的火花塞代替普通火花塞）的无纳米颗粒的液态/气态燃料着火的文献，有几项研究工作。因此，提出了一种创新的解决方案，该解决方案采用多点激光塞来诱导散布在气缸内空气-燃料混合物中的纳米材料的着火，从而进一步改善了内燃机中燃料的燃烧。