Snow cover is of significant importance to freshwater supplies and influences the hydrology of different altitudes in mountainous regions. The monitoring of snow cover over the Mediterranean region of Turkey is of high priority due to its rapid irregularities experienced during the past decades. These irregularities in snow cover might especially lead to severe risks for the local ecosystems, such as rivers, and irrigated agriculture. Water-Resistant Snow Index (WSI) is a new and powerful spectral index for mapping snow cover using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. There still exists a large knowledge gap about how to improve the finer resolution applications of WSI. This study aimed to explore the applicability of WSI using Landsat TM and OLI images with a better spatial resolution to a complex catchment in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. The WSI maps derived from both MODIS/Terra-MOD09A1 and Landsat images from 2005 to 2018 were compared with the high-resolution Sentinel-2A data. The comparative analysis of the MODIS and Landsat WSI maps for the snowy areas was also presented with error distribution patterns. The baseline snow cover led to the coefficient of determination values of 0.77 with the MODIS data and 0.78 with the Landsat data. The results indicated that Landsat images offered a suitable spatial resolution for the snow cover mapping using the WSI approach in regional studies. A finer resolution mapping of snow cover with the Landsat data can provide essential insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics at the local and regional scales.

中文翻译：

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使用 landsat 数据绘制积雪图：迈向高分辨率防水雪指数

积雪对淡水供应具有重要意义，并影响山区不同海拔高度的水文。土耳其地中海地区的积雪监测是高度优先的，因为它在过去几十年中经历了快速的不规则性。积雪的这些不规则性尤其可能给当地的生态系统带来严重的风险，例如河流和灌溉农业。防水雪指数 (WSI) 是一种新的强大光谱指数，用于使用中分辨率成像光谱仪 (MODIS) 数据绘制积雪图。关于如何改进 WSI 的更精细分辨率应用仍然存在很大的知识差距。本研究旨在使用具有更好空间分辨率的 Landsat TM 和 OLI 图像探索 WSI 对土耳其东部地中海地区复杂集水区的适用性。将 2005 年至 2018 年从 MODIS/Terra-MOD09A1 和 Landsat 图像导出的 WSI 地图与高分辨率 Sentinel-2A 数据进行了比较。雪区的 MODIS 和 Landsat WSI 地图的比较分析也提供了误差分布模式。基线积雪导致 MODIS 数据的确定系数值为 0.77，Landsat 数据的确定系数值为 0.78。结果表明，Landsat 图像为区域研究中使用 WSI 方法的积雪制图提供了合适的空间分辨率。