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Treatments of a phthalocyanine-based green ink for tattoo removal purposes: generation of toxic fragments and potentially harmful morphologies.
Archives of Toxicology ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-29 , DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02790-7
Elvira Maria Bauer 1 , Emanuele Vincenzo Scibetta 2 , Daniele Cecchetti 2 , Susanna Piccirillo 2 , Simonetta Antonaroli 2 , Simona Sennato 3, 4 , Marina Cerasa 5 , Pietro Tagliatesta 2 , Marilena Carbone 2
Affiliation  

Since tattoos became overwhelmingly fashionable worldwide, the demand for removal has proportionally increased, Nd:YAG Q-switch laser being the most commonly used tool for the purpose. In this framework we investigated the composition and products of laser treatment of green tattoo ink, the Green Concentrate from Eternal. The ink characterization has been carried out by IR, UV–Vis, EDX spectroscopies, and SEM imaging. It revealed the presence of the pigment PG7, rather than PG36 as reported on the bottle label, along with non-fully halogenated analogues. The morphology is an extended sheath with embedded grains. Subsequent laser treatments were performed on both dried and extracted inks, dispersed either in water or in propan-2-ol, chosen for their different polarities, as it is the case in the skin layers. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, UV–Vis spectroscopy, SEM imaging, and dynamic light scattering. The outcome is a complex fragmentation pattern that depends both on the solvent and on the initial aggregation state. The fragment compounds are toxic at various degrees according to the Classification Labelling and Packaging regulations. Several shapes of aggregates are produced as an effect of both downsizing and re-aggregation, with potentially harmful aspect ratios.



中文翻译:

用于去除纹身的基于酞菁的绿色墨水的处理:产生有毒碎片和潜在有害的形态。

自从纹身在世界范围内变得极为流行以来,对去除的需求就成比例地增加了,Nd:YAG调Q激光器是用于此目的的最常用工具。在此框架中,我们研究了绿色纹身墨水(永恒之绿浓缩液)的激光处理组成和产品。通过IR,UV-Vis,EDX光谱和SEM成像对油墨进行了表征。它显示出存在颜料PG7,而不是瓶标签上报告的PG36,以及未完全卤化的类似物。形态是带有嵌入颗粒的延伸鞘。随后对干燥和提取的墨水进行了激光处理,这些墨水分散在水或丙-2-醇中,根据其极性不同而选择,这在表皮层中就是如此。通过气相色谱-质谱,UV-Vis光谱,SEM成像和动态光散射对产品进行了分析。结果是复杂的碎裂模式,既取决于溶剂又取决于初始聚集状态。根据分类标签和包装法规,碎片化合物在不同程度上有毒。由于尺寸缩小和重新聚集,会产生几种形状的聚集体,且长径比可能有害。

更新日期:2020-05-29
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