One of the most fascinating sights in nature is to witness certain insects, birds, and fish move together in a very coordinated and precise fashion for food search, to avoid predation and for migration. The collective movement is called swarming. In 1885, Gustav Hauser, a German pathologist discovered collective movement in a bacterium he later named Proteus mirabilis (Armbruster and Mobley in, Nat Rev Microbiol 30: 186–194, 2013). It was not until 1972 when this mode of bacterial movement was characterized and classified by Henrichsen (Bacteriol Rev 36: 478–503, 1972). Several bacteria are now known to exhibit swarming. Here we describe the how and why of swarming with a focus on plasticity.

中文翻译：

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细菌群落：运动行为的可塑性故事

自然界中最迷人的景象之一是目睹某些昆虫、鸟类和鱼类以非常协调和精确的方式一起移动，以寻找食物、避免捕食和迁徙。集体运动被称为蜂拥而至。1885 年，德国病理学家 Gustav Hauser 发现了一种细菌的集体运动，他后来将其命名为奇异变形杆菌（Armbruster and Mobley in, Nat Rev Microbiol 30: 186–194, 2013）。直到 1972 年，Henrichsen 才对这种细菌运动模式进行了表征和分类（Bacteriol Rev 36: 478-503, 1972）。现在已知有几种细菌表现出蜂拥而至。在这里，我们以可塑性为重点描述了蜂拥而至的方式和原因。