Cu-exchanged zeolites are one kind of effective catalysts to eliminate NOx for Selective catalytic reduction with NH₃(NH₃-SCR) in oxygen-rich exhaust from diesel engines. The microstructure–performance relationships between supports and active sites is crucial to rationally design excellent catalysts for the effective elimination of NOx. Therefore, the effect of topology and element ratio on active species and performance, the new progress in reaction and chemical poisoning mechanism to clarify the nature of the catalytic reactions are reviewed in this article. Furthermore, some new research methods to further promote SCR performance are summarized, which is helping in guiding the rational design of Cu-zeolites catalysts. From the reviewed data, the following important viewpoints emerged: (i) topologies exert different influence on acid properties and the nature of Cu species, which further effect the NH₃-SCR performance; (ii) the Si/Al and Cu/Al compositional ratios are key factors in effecting the performance of the Cu-zeolites catalysts; (iii) the degree of chemical inactivation depends on the content and type of impurities; (iv) the common modification methods include the doping of foreign cations or metal oxides and core–shell structures; (v) the active site in the low temperature NH₃-SCR catalyst is a mobile transient ion pairs ([(NH₃)₂Cu^I-O₂-Cu^I(NH₃)₂]).Only in the high temperature regime do the NH₃-solvated Cu ions decompose to isolated Cu²⁺ ions that anchor on the zeolite framework and become immobilized.

铜交换沸石是消除NOx的一种有效催化剂，可用于NH ₃（NH ₃-SCR）来自柴油发动机的富氧排气中。载体与活性部位之间的微观结构与性能之间的关系对于合理设计出色的催化剂以有效消除NOx至关重要。因此，本文综述了拓扑结构和元素比对活性物种和性能的影响，反应的新进展以及化学中毒机理，以阐明催化反应的性质。此外，总结了一些进一步提高SCR性能的新研究方法，这有助于指导Cu沸石催化剂的合理设计。从审查的数据来看，出现了以下重要观点：（i）拓扑结构对酸性质和Cu种类的性质产生不同的影响，从而进一步影响NH ₃-SCR性能；（ii）Si / Al和Cu / Al的组成比是影响Cu-沸石催化剂性能的关键因素；（iii）化学灭活的程度取决于杂质的含量和类型；（iv）常用的改性方法包括掺杂外来阳离子或金属氧化物和核-壳结构；（v）低温NH ₃ -SCR催化剂中的活性部位是可移动的瞬态离子对（[（NH ₃）₂ Cu ^I -O ₂ -Cu ^I（NH ₃）₂ ]）。仅在高温状态下NH ₃溶剂化的Cu离子分解为孤立的Cu ²⁺ 离子固定在沸石骨架上并被固定。