In the construction of metro tunnels, water gushing accidents caused by the rupture of underground pipeline often occur, and in loess area, the collapsibility of loess makes this problem more complex and difficult. To investigate the damage of metro tunnel caused by collapsible loess under the action of local dynamic water (gushing water), a model experiment was conducted based on the pipeline water gushing accident happened in the construction of metro tunnel located in loess area. Through the study of similar materials of loess and tunnel lining, the test materials and apparatus were prepared according to similarity criterion. By simulating water gushing environment in the loess stratum, this paper analyzed mechanical characteristics of tunnel (water pressure of surrounding rock, contact pressure and internal force of tunnel lining) and deformation of surrounding rock and tunnel. Furthermore, combining with the process of local collapse of loess in the model experiment, it is concluded that the formation of water transport channel is the main reason for the difference of tunnel structural response when water gushing occurs at different locations. Finally, a three-dimensional spatial model of water transport channel in loess stratum under the environment of local water gushing was established to study the rule of water transport.

中文翻译：

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黄土地铁隧道涌水影响试验研究

在地铁隧道的建设中，经常发生地下管道破裂引起的喷水事故，在黄土地区，黄土的塌陷使这一问题更加复杂和困难。为了研究局部动力水（涌水）作用下湿陷性黄土对地铁隧道的破坏，基于黄土地区地铁隧道施工中发生的管道涌水事故进行了模型试验。通过对黄土和隧道衬砌相似材料的研究，根据相似性标准制备了试验材料和仪器。通过模拟黄土地层的涌水环境，分析了隧道的力学特性（围岩的水压，接触压力和隧道衬砌的内力）以及围岩和隧道的变形。此外，结合模型试验中黄土的局部塌陷过程，得出结论，输水通道的形成是不同位置涌水时隧道结构响应差异的主要原因。最后，建立了局部涌水环境下黄土地层输水通道的三维空间模型，研究了输水规律。得出的结论是，在不同位置涌水时，输水通道的形成是造成隧道结构响应差异的主要原因。最后，建立了局部涌水环境下黄土地层输水通道的三维空间模型，研究了输水规律。得出的结论是，在不同位置涌水时，输水通道的形成是造成隧道结构响应差异的主要原因。最后，建立了局部涌水环境下黄土地层输水通道的三维空间模型，研究了输水规律。