Introduction: For the past 2400 years, the spatial relationship between health and location has been a concern for researchers. Studies have been conducted for decades to understand such a relationship, which has led to the identification of a number of healthcare planning issues. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology has contributed to addressing such issues by applying analytical approaches at the level of epidemiological surveillance and evaluating the spatial inequality of access to healthcare. Consequently, the importance of reviewing healthcare planning issues and recognition of the role of GIS are integral to relevant studies. Such research will contribute to increasing the understanding of how to apply analytical approaches for dealing with healthcare planning issues using GIS. Methods: This paper aims to provide an examination of healthcare planning issues and focuses on reviewing the potential of GIS in dealing with such issues by applying analytical approaches. The method of a typical literature review was used through collecting data from various studies selected based on temporal and descriptive considerations. Results: Researchers have focused on developing and applying analytical approaches using GIS to support two important aspects of healthcare planning: first, epidemic surveillance and modeling, despite a lack of health information and its management, and, second, evaluating the spatial inequality of access to healthcare in order to determine the optimum distribution of health resources. Conclusion: GIS is an effective tool to support spatial decision-making in public health through applying the evolving analytical approaches to dealing with healthcare planning issues. This requires a literature review before preparing relevant studies, particularly because of the continuous development of GIS technologies.

中文翻译：

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医疗保健计划和GIS问题：回顾

简介：在过去的2400年中，健康与位置之间的空间关系一直是研究人员关注的问题。为了了解这种关系已经进行了数十年的研究，从而确定了许多医疗保健计划问题。地理信息系统（GIS）技术通过在流行病学监视级别应用分析方法并评估获得医疗服务的空间不平等，为解决此类问题做出了贡献。因此，审查医疗保健计划问题和认识GIS的重要性对于相关研究是不可或缺的。此类研究将有助于增进人们对如何应用分析方法来使用GIS处理医疗保健计划问题的理解。方法：本文旨在提供对医疗保健计划问题的研究，并着重于通过应用分析方法来回顾GIS在处理此类问题方面的潜力。通过从基于时间和描述性考虑因素选择的各种研究中收集数据，使用了典型的文献综述方法。结果：研究人员致力于使用GIS开发和应用分析方法以支持医疗保健计划的两个重要方面：首先，尽管缺乏健康信息及其管理，但仍要进行流行病监测和建模，其次，要评估获得医疗服务的空间不平等医疗保健，以确定健康资源的最佳分配。结论：GIS是一种有效的工具，通过应用不断发展的分析方法来处理医疗保健计划问题，可以支持公共卫生领域的空间决策。这需要在准备相关研究之前进行文献综述，尤其是因为GIS技术的不断发展。