In agriculture, instead of synthetic fertilizers, natural bio-inoculants can be used to increase growth and yield of crops. For this purpose, we report a thermophilic bacteria Klebsiella sp. strain PMnew, isolated from Paniphala hot spring. The strain was characterized and assessed for plant growth-promoting traits. Oryza sativa L. var Swarna (rice) seeds were inoculated with the strain to study the bacterization effect on vegetative and reproductive growth of rice plants. The results indicate that PMnew produces organic acids to solubilize phosphate (550.16 ± 0.04 µg/ml), fixes nitrogen, produces indole compounds, siderophore, and ACC deaminase, and shows heavy metal resistance to chromium, cobalt, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury. It also possesses the ability to utilize several monomeric and polymeric sugars as sole carbon source including starch, agar, xylan, gelatin, and pectin, and can grow under both nutrient-rich and deficient conditions. Inoculated rice plants grew twice the length of control plants and surpassed the total grain mass yield of control plants by almost 18 times. Thus, this study brings forth a broad spectrum and easy to cultivate bio-inoculant, which can be used to increase rice production.

中文翻译：

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克雷伯氏菌群嗜热菌株促植性状及其对水稻植株生长的影响

在农业中，可以使用天然生物接种剂代替合成肥料来提高作物的生长和产量。为此，我们报告了一种嗜热细菌克雷伯菌属。PMnew 菌株，分离自 Paniphala 温泉。对该菌株的植物生长促进性状进行表征和评估。用该菌株接种 Oryza sativa L. var Swarna（水稻）种子以研究杀菌对水稻植物营养生长和生殖生长的影响。结果表明 PMnew 产生有机酸以溶解磷酸盐 (550.16 ± 0.04 µg/ml)，固定氮，产生吲哚化合物、铁载体和 ACC 脱氨酶，并显示出对铬、钴、砷、镉和汞的重金属抗性。它还具有利用多种单体和聚合糖作为唯一碳源的能力，包括淀粉、琼脂、木聚糖、明胶和果胶，并且可以在营养丰富和缺乏的条件下生长。接种的水稻植株的长度是对照植株的两倍，比对照植株的总谷物产量高出近 18 倍。因此，本研究提出了一种广谱、易栽培的生物接种剂，可用于水稻增产。