Lichens have recently received great attention due to their pharmacological potentials. The antigenotoxic potential of C. vitellina extract (25 and 50 µg/mL) was assessed in normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) against Mitomycin C (MMC) co-treatments. Flow cytometric analyses of cell cycle distribution, as well as apoptosis (Annexin V/PI), revealed that the extract had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) ameliorated the MMC toxicity by reducing the apoptotic cells and normalized the cell cycle phases. C. vitellina exhibited antigenotoxicity by ameliorating the diminished mitotic index and DNA single-strand breaks caused by MMC. Herein, the hydromethanolic extract (80%) of Candelariella vitellina (Japan) lichen, exhibited very low cytotoxicity towards normal human peripheral lymphocytes (HPBL) with IC₅₀ >1000 µg/mL. In order to explore the antihelminthic effect, Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces were used in vitro. Eosin staining revealed significant (p ≤ 0.05) dose and time-dependent scolicidal effects of the extract confirmed by degenerative alterations as observed by electron scan microscopy. Furthermore, primary and secondary metabolites were investigated using GC-MS and qualitative HPLC, revealing the presence of sugars, alcohols, different phenolic acids and light flavonoids. Significant antioxidant capacities were also demonstrated by DPPH radical-scavenging assay. In conclusion, the promising antigenotoxic, antihelminthic and antioxidant potentials of C. vitellina extract encourage further studies to evaluate its possible therapeutic potency.

中文翻译：

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体外抗生毒性，抗蠕虫病和抗氧化能力，基于从黄粉虫（Candelariella vitellina）地衣中提取的代谢物。

地衣由于其药理潜力，最近受到了极大的关注。的antigenotoxic电位C. vitellina提取物（25和50微克/毫升）在正常的人外周血淋巴细胞（HPBL）对丝裂霉素C（MMC）联合治疗进行了评估。流动细胞周期分布的流式细胞分析，以及细胞凋亡（膜联蛋白V / PI），发现该提取物显著有（p ≤0.05）通过降低凋亡细胞改善的MMC毒性和归一化的细胞周期阶段。通过改善MMC引起的有丝分裂指数和DNA单链断裂的减少，C。vitellina表现出抗原毒性。在此，Videlina Candelariella vitellina的氢甲醇提取物（80％）（日本）地衣，对正常人外周血淋巴细胞（HPBL）的细胞毒性非常低，IC ₅₀ > 1000 µg / mL。为了探索抗蠕虫作用，在体外使用了细粒棘球pro原菌。伊红染色显示显著（p≤0.05）剂量和时间依赖性的菊苣提取物通过电子显微镜观察到的变性变化证实。此外，使用GC-MS和定性HPLC对一级和二级代谢产物进行了研究，结果表明存在糖，醇，不同的酚酸和轻度类黄酮。DPPH自由基清除试验还证明了显着的抗氧化能力。总之，卵黄梭菌提取物的有希望的抗原毒性，抗蠕虫性和抗氧化性潜力鼓励进一步的研究以评估其可能的治疗效力。