Seed germination is a key ecological and agronomic trait, which plays a critical role affecting the subsequent growth and production of higher plants. The bioactive molecule nitric oxide (NO) is a prooxidant as well as antioxidant in plants. Gibberellic acid (GA) enhances the seed germination. In the present study, we tested the effects of Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, as NO donor) and GA3 applications on seed viability, seed germination and seedling development of the Control, and Boron (B) and Zinc (Zn) applied grapevine seeds (Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Ekşi Kara and Gök Üzüm). B and Zn treatments were carried out in a commercial vineyard in Konya province Turkey, and aqueous solution of SNP (100 μM-24 h, 100 μM-48 h) and GA3 (1 gL⁻¹-24 h, 1 gL⁻¹-48 h) treatments applied at 90 days stratified seeds in Selcuk University. Foliar spray of boric acid (0.15%) and Zn sulfate (0.25%) were done approximately two weeks after full bloom. Results showed that the SNP and the GA3 treatments enhanced the viability and germination rates of the seeds. The B and the Zn foliar applications also promoted the seed viability and seed germination rates in both grape cultivars. Effects of treatments on seedling development depended on the cultivar and application time in the Control, B and Zn applied seeds. The results showed that the SNP and the GA3 applications can be useful for promoting seed viability and seed germination rates in grapevines.

种子发芽是关键的生态和农艺性状，在影响随后的高等植物生长和生产中起着至关重要的作用。一氧化氮（NO）具有生物活性，是植物中的一种抗氧化剂。赤霉素（GA）增强种子发芽。在本研究中，我们测试了硝普钠（SNP，作为NO供体）和GA3施用对对照的种子活力，种子发芽和幼苗发育以及硼（B）和锌（Zn）施用的葡萄籽（Vitis vinifera L. cvs。EkşiKara和GökÜzüm）。B和Zn处理在土耳其科尼亚省的商业葡萄园中进行，SNP（100μM-24h，100μM-48h）和GA3（1 gL ^-1 -24 h，1 gL ^-1）的水溶液-48 h）在塞尔柱克大学将90天的种子分层处理。盛开大约两周后，进行了硼酸（0.15％）和硫酸锌（0.25％）的叶面喷雾。结果表明，SNP和GA3处理提高了种子的活力和发芽率。B和Zn叶面肥的施用还促进了两个葡萄品种的种子活力和种子发芽率。处理对幼苗发育的影响取决于对照，B和Zn施用种子的品种和施用时间。结果表明，SNP和GA3的应用可有助于提高葡萄的种子活力和种子发芽率。