Optical imaging and phototherapy in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 900-1700 nm) can reduce tissue auto-fluorescence and photon scattering, which facilitates higher spatial resolution and deeper tissue penetration depth for solid tumor theranostics. Herein, a polycyclic naphthalenediimide (NDI) based chromophore 13-amino-4,5-dibromo-2,7- di(dodecan-6-yl)-1H-isoquinolino[4,5,6-fgh]naphtho[1,8-bc][1,9]phenanthroline-1,3,6,8(2H,7H,9H)-tetraone (NDI-NA) was designed and synthesized. With large polycyclic π-systems, NDI-NA molecule possesses broad near-infrared (NIR) absorption (maximum at 777 nm) and emission (maximum at 921 nm). By nanoprecipitation, NDI-NA nanoparticles (NPs) were formed in aqueous solution with J-aggregative state, which showed huge red-shift in both absorption spectrum (maximum at 904 nm) and emission spectrum (maximum at 1,020 nm), endowing NDI-NA NPs efficient NIR-II fluorescence imaging capability. Besides, the NPs present effective tumor-targeting capability in vivo based on the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect. More importantly, NDI-NA NPs simultaneously have high photothermal conversion efficiency (30.8%) and efficient reactive oxygen species generation ability, making them remarkably phototoxic to cancer cells. The polycyclic chromophore based multifunctional NDI-NA NPs as NIR-II phototheranostic agents possess bright future for clinical NIR-II imaging-guided cancer phototherapy.

在第二个近红外窗口（NIR-II，900-1700 nm）中进行光学成像和光疗可以减少组织的自发荧光和光子散射，从而为实体肿瘤治疗学提供了更高的空间分辨率和更深的组织穿透深度。本文中，基于多环萘二酰亚胺（NDI）的发色团13-氨基-4,5-二溴-2,7-二（十二烷基-6-基）-1 H-异喹啉基[4,5,6-fgh]萘[1，设计并合成了8-bc] [1,9]菲咯啉-1,3,6,8（2 H，7 H，9 H）-四酮（NDI-NA）。对于大的多环π系统，NDI-NA分子具有广泛的近红外（NIR）吸收（在777 nm处最大）和发射（在921 nm处最大）。通过纳米沉淀，NDI-NA纳米颗粒（NPs）在水溶液中与J形成。-聚集态，在吸收光谱（最大904 nm）和发射光谱（最大1,020 nm）上均显示出巨大的红移，赋予NDI-NA NP有效的NIR-II荧光成像能力。此外，基于增强的渗透和保留（EPR）效应，NP在体内具有有效的肿瘤靶向能力。更重要的是，NDI-NA NP同时具有高的光热转化效率（30.8％）和有效的活性氧生成能力，从而使其对癌细胞具有显着的光毒性。基于多环发色团的多功能NDI-NA NPs作为NIR-II光热疗剂，在临床NIR-II成像引导的癌症光疗中具有广阔的前景。