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Results from the European Union MAPEC_LIFE cohort study on air pollution and chromosomal damage in children: are public health policies sufficiently protective?
Environmental Sciences Europe ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 , DOI: 10.1186/s12302-020-00352-3 Elisabetta Ceretti , , Francesco Donato , Claudia Zani , Milena Villarini , Marco Verani , Antonella De Donno , Sara Bonetta , Donatella Feretti , Annalaura Carducci , Adele Idolo , Elisabetta Carraro , Loredana Covolo , Massimo Moretti , Giacomo Palomba , Tiziana Grassi , Alberto Bonetti , Silvia Bonizzoni , Annibale Biggeri , Umberto Gelatti
中文翻译:
欧盟MAPEC_LIFE队列研究对儿童的空气污染和染色体损伤的结果:公共卫生政策是否具有足够的保护性?
更新日期:2020-05-07
Environmental Sciences Europe ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 , DOI: 10.1186/s12302-020-00352-3 Elisabetta Ceretti , , Francesco Donato , Claudia Zani , Milena Villarini , Marco Verani , Antonella De Donno , Sara Bonetta , Donatella Feretti , Annalaura Carducci , Adele Idolo , Elisabetta Carraro , Loredana Covolo , Massimo Moretti , Giacomo Palomba , Tiziana Grassi , Alberto Bonetti , Silvia Bonizzoni , Annibale Biggeri , Umberto Gelatti
Background
Children are at high risk of suffering health consequences of air pollution and childhood exposure can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. This study, part of the MAPEC_LIFE project (LIFE12 ENV/IT/000614), aimed to investigate the associations between exposure to urban air pollutants and micronucleus (MN) frequency, as a biomarker of chromosomal damage, in buccal cells of children for supporting implementation and updating of environmental policy and legislation.Methods
This prospective epidemiological cohort study was carried out on 6- to 8-year-old children living in five Italian towns with different levels and features of air pollution. Exfoliated buccal cells of the children were sampled twice, in winter and spring, obtaining 2139 biological samples for genotoxicological investigation. Micronucleus (MN) frequency was investigated in buccal cells of children and its association with air pollution exposure was assessed applying multiple Poisson regression mixed models, including socio-demographic and lifestyle factors as confounders. We also dichotomize air pollutants’ concentration according to the EU Ambient Air Quality Directives and WHO Air Quality Guidelines in all Poisson regression models to assess their risk predictive capacity.Results
Positive and statistically significant associations were found between MN frequency and PM10, PM2.5, benzene, SO2 and ozone. The increment of the risk of having MN in buccal cells for each μg/m3 increase of pollutant concentration was maximum for benzene (18.9%, 95% CIs 2.2–38.4%) and modest for the other pollutants (between 0.2 and 1.4%). An increased risk (between 17.9% and 59.8%) was found also for exposure to PM10, benzene and benzo(a)pyrene levels higher than the threshold limits.Conclusions
Some air pollutants are able to induce chromosomal damage in buccal cells of children even at concentrations below present EU/WHO limits. This type of biological effects may be indicative of the environmental pressure which populations are exposed to in urban areas.中文翻译:
欧盟MAPEC_LIFE队列研究对儿童的空气污染和染色体损伤的结果:公共卫生政策是否具有足够的保护性?