Genetic and molecular mechanisms that play a causal role in mental illnesses are challenging to elucidate, particularly as there is a lack of relevant in vitro and in vivo models. However, the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has provided researchers with a novel toolbox. We conducted a systematic review using the PRISMA statement. A PubMed and Web of Science online search was performed (studies published between 2006-2020) using the following search strategy: hiPSC OR iPSC OR iPS OR stem cells AND schizophrenia disorder OR personality disorder OR antisocial personality disorder OR psychopathy OR bipolar disorder OR major depressive disorder OR obsessive compulsive disorder OR anxiety disorder OR substance use disorder OR alcohol use disorder OR nicotine use disorder OR opioid use disorder OR eating disorder OR anorexia nervosa OR attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder OR gaming disorder. Using the above search criteria, a total of 3515 studies were found. After screening, a final total of 56 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion in our study. Using iPSC technology, psychiatric disease can be studied in the context of a patient's own unique genetic background. This has allowed great strides to be made into uncovering the etiology of psychiatric disease, as well as providing a unique paradigm for drug testing. However, there is a lack of data for certain psychiatric disorders and several limitations to present iPSC-based studies, leading us to discuss how this field may progress in the next years to increase its utility in the battle to understand psychiatric disease.

中文翻译：

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心理健康 - iPSC 模型在神经精神病学研究中的应用。

在精神疾病中发挥因果作用的遗传和分子机制难以阐明，特别是因为缺乏相关的体外和体内模型。然而，诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 技术的出现为研究人员提供了一个新的工具箱。我们使用 PRISMA 声明进行了系统评价。使用以下搜索策略进行了 PubMed 和 Web of Science 在线搜索（2006-2020 年间发表的研究）：hiPSC 或 iPSC 或 iPS 或干细胞和精神分裂症或人格障碍或反社会人格障碍或精神病或双相情感障碍或重度抑郁症或强迫症或焦虑症或物质使用障碍或酒精使用障碍或尼古丁使用障碍或阿片类药物使用障碍或进食障碍或神经性厌食症或注意力缺陷/多动障碍或游戏障碍。使用上述检索标准，共找到 3515 项研究。筛选后，最终共有 56 项研究被认为有资格纳入我们的研究。使用 iPSC 技术，可以在患者自身独特的遗传背景的背景下研究精神疾病。这使得在揭示精神疾病的病因学方面取得了长足的进步，以及为药物测试提供独特的范例。然而，缺乏某些精神疾病的数据，并且目前基于 iPSC 的研究存在一些局限性，这导致我们讨论该领域在未来几年可能如何发展，以增加其在了解精神疾病的斗争中的效用。