The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze characteristics and methodologies utilized in bioheat transfer models of human skin to provide state-of-the-art knowledge on the topic. This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched up to May 30th, 2019 for bioheat transfer models focusing on direct contact between skin and temperature (heat and/or cold) source. Ten studies were included. A 16-item checklist was used to assess their methodological quality. Four studies analyzed healthy skin and six included pathological conditions. All determined skin's thermal behavior, and studies including pathological conditions also analyzed burn damage. Studies did not present a wide variety of mathematical formulation, emphasizing on modelling equations of well-established models from the literature, such as the Pennes' bioheat transfer equation, and the Henriques and Moritz model to quantify skin damage. Reporting of modelling characteristics and formulation of the computational models is not standardized and there is shortage of implementation of validation procedures, hindering representative conclusions. The lack of validation procedures led to low methodological quality. However, all studies provided strategies and parameters as starting points for future developments in this research area.

中文翻译：

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受直接加热和/或冷却源影响的人类皮肤生物热传递过程的计算模型：系统综述。

本系统综述的目的是分析人类皮肤生物热传递模型中使用的特征和方法，以提供有关该主题的最新知识。根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目进行了该评价。截至2019年5月30日，已在PubMed，EMBASE和Web of Science数据库中搜索了专注于皮肤与温度（热和/或冷）源直接接触的生物传热模型。包括十项研究。使用16个项目的清单来评估其方法学质量。四项研究分析了健康的皮肤，六项包括病理状况。所有确定的皮肤热行为以及包括病理状况在内的研究均分析了烧伤的危害。研究没有提出各种各样的数学公式，强调文献中公认的模型的建模方程，例如Pennes的生物热传递方程，以及Henriques和Moritz模型以量化皮肤损伤。建模特征的报告和计算模型的制定不规范，验证程序的实施不足，从而阻碍了有代表性的结论。缺乏验证程序导致方法学质量低下。但是，所有研究都提供了策略和参数作为该研究领域未来发展的起点。建模特征的报告和计算模型的制定不规范，验证程序的实施不足，从而阻碍了有代表性的结论。缺乏验证程序导致方法学质量低下。但是，所有研究都提供了策略和参数作为该研究领域未来发展的起点。建模特性的报告和计算模型的制定不规范，验证程序的实施不足，这妨碍了代表性结论。缺乏验证程序导致方法学质量低下。但是，所有研究都提供了策略和参数，作为该研究领域未来发展的起点。