The friction behavior of the formed antifriction films and their effect on the functional properties of the composite based on the powder nickel alloy EI929 with solid lubricant CaF₂ at high temperatures was investigated. An antifriction film was formed on the contact surfaces during the friction process. Such a film was the result of the interaction of the contact surfaces with atmospheric oxygen at high temperatures. It contains oxides of alloying elements from materials of the frictional contact and solid lubricant calcium fluoride. The quantitative ratio of formed oxides depends on the temperature operating conditions of material. The data of thermodynamic simulation of the high-temperature interaction of the composite with oxygen coincide with the experimental data obtained by studying the fine structure of surface antifriction films. Antifriction films consist of oxide phases in combination with solid CaF₂ lubricant. Anti-friction films provide high wear resistance of the self-lubricating composite in the range of temperatures 1073−1173 K due to the balance between the rate of their formation and wear. When the temperature exceeds 1200 K, the film loses its lubricating properties and acts as an abrasive substance due to the intense oxidation. Abrasive surfaces of materials were subjected also to microscopic examination, in which the mechanically mixed layer (MML) was described. The study of the friction surface roughness parameters confirmed the presence of the formed friction self-lubricating film and allowed to determine its parameters. The friction mechanism was the formation of an oxide layer combined with a solid lubricant, which provides high antifriction properties in the range of 1073–1273 K.

中文翻译：

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镍基复合减摩材料在高温下的摩擦机理特征

粉末状镍合金EI929与固体润滑剂CaF ₂的复合膜的摩擦性能及其对复合材料功能性能的影响在高温下进行了研究。在摩擦过程中在接触表面上形成了减摩膜。这样的膜是在高温下接触表面与大气氧相互作用的结果。它包含来自摩擦接触材料的合金元素氧化物和固体润滑剂氟化钙。形成的氧化物的定量比取决于材料的温度操作条件。复合材料与氧气的高温相互作用的热力学模拟数据与通过研究表面减摩膜的精细结构获得的实验数据一致。减摩膜由氧化物相和固体CaF _2组成润滑剂。减摩膜由于其形成速率与磨损之间的平衡，因此在温度1073–1173 K范围内为自润滑复合材料提供了高耐磨性。当温度超过1200 K时，由于强烈的氧化作用，薄膜失去润滑性，并成为磨料。还对材料的磨料表面进行了显微镜检查，其中描述了机械混合层（MML）。摩擦表面粗糙度参数的研究证实了形成的摩擦自润滑膜的存在，并允许确定其参数。摩擦机理是与固体润滑剂结合形成的氧化层，可在1073–1273 K的范围内提供较高的减摩性能。