A new approach for diffracting the weak probe beam into higher-order directions is proposed via electromagnetically induced grating in second field quantization formalism, offering a new way for implementations of quantum information with semiconductor quantum dots. The formalism of second field quantization allows describing atoms and photons as a many-body system. An induced diffraction grating is formed based on the electromagnetic induced transparency when a standing-wave coupling field is applied to a spherical quantum dot as a three-level system. Due to phase modulation, the zeroth-order light intensity becomes weak, and the first-order diffraction is improved affectedly. On the contrary, the probe beam is barely diffracted via absorption modulation. The simulation results verify that photon numbers of probe and control fields, as well as other parameters in the QD, can lead to the diffraction efficiency of phase grating to be improved. Phase diffraction grating accompanied with a high transmissivity is demonstrated, and the first-order diffraction efficiency reaches $$30\%$$ 30 % . Also, the impact of QD dimensions on its optical response is investigated. This model may find potential applications in designing the semiconductor quantum dot-based photonic devices in optical communications and quantum information networks.

中文翻译：

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球形半导体量子点中具有二次场量子化的电磁感应光栅

在第二场量子化形式中，通过电磁感应光栅提出了一种将弱探测光束衍射到高阶方向的新方法，为利用半导体量子点实现量子信息提供了一种新方法。第二场量子化的形式允许将原子和光子描述为多体系统。当驻波耦合场作用于球形量子点作为三能级系统时，基于电磁感应透明形成感应衍射光栅。由于相位调制，零阶光强变弱，影响一阶衍射改善。相反，探测光束几乎不会通过吸收调制发生衍射。仿真结果验证了探测场和控制场的光子数，以及 QD 中的其他参数，可以提高相位光栅的衍射效率。证明了具有高透射率的相位衍射光栅，一阶衍射效率达到$$30\%$$$30 % 。此外，还研究了 QD 尺寸对其光学响应的​​影响。该模型可能会在光通信和量子信息网络中设计基于半导体量子点的光子器件中找到潜在的应用。