Groundwater and surface water qualities are evaluated using geographic information system (GIS)-based geo-statistical and multivariable statistical methods. This research aims to investigate the water quality of Kızılırmak River, that remain within the provincial boundaries of Sivas, using geo-statistical and multivariable statistical methods, and to provide the water quality map of Kızılırmak River. In this regard, surface water samples from 28 surface water quality monitoring stations were analysed for wet and dry seasons. The hydro-chemical properties of surface water quality were determined, and the water quality index was evaluated for each station. Spherical, exponential and Gaussian models were determined as the best semi-variogram models according to the minimum root mean square error values and the cross-validation method. The final water surface quality map of Kızılırmak River was obtained by weighted superposition of the spatial distribution maps of the surface water quality parameters which were obtained by the geo-statistical method. The correlations between the surface water quality parameters were determined using multivariable statistical analysis methods such as correlation analysis and factor analysis (principal component analysis). The surface water quality in the study area was categorized as excellent, good, poor and very poor. The water quality of Kızılırmak River’s portion near Sivas city centre and in the South of the province did not meet the standards for drinking water purposes. This research provides the surface water quality map of the study area by use of GIS-based statistical methods.

中文翻译：

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使用地统计和多变量统计方法评估 Kızılırmak 河（锡瓦斯/土耳其）的水质

地下水和地表水质量使用基于地理信息系统 (GIS) 的地质统计和多变量统计方法进行评估。本研究旨在使用地统计和多变量统计方法调查位于锡瓦斯省边界内的 Kızılırmak 河的水质，并提供 Kızılırmak 河的水质图。对此，对28个地表水质监测站的地表水样本进行了雨季和旱季分析。确定了地表水质的水化学性质，并对各站的水质指标进行了评价。根据最小均方根误差值和交叉验证方法确定球面模型、指数模型和高斯模型为最佳半变异函数模型。Kızılırmak 河最终水质图是通过地统计方法得到的地表水质参数空间分布图的加权叠加得到的。地表水质参数之间的相关性采用相关分析和因子分析（主成分分析）等多变量统计分析方法确定。研究区地表水水质分为优、良、差和极差。靠近锡瓦斯市中心和该省南部的 Kızılırmak 河部分的水质不符合饮用水标准。本研究利用基于GIS的统计方法，提供了研究区地表水质图。