Based on a sample of 7696 nonrecurrent and 566 recurrent sunspot groups, we have investigated the Gnevyshev–Waldmeier rule using the Catalogue of Solar Activity by R.S. Gnevysheva (1954–1978). The maximum recorded sunspot group lifetime is 160 days. The general Gnevyshev–Waldmeier rule for all lifetimes is A_max = (12.1 ± 0.70)LT (A_max is the maximum sunspot group area during the lifetime and LT is the sunspot group lifetime). However, the general rule has turned out to deviate from the derived linear form for the population of small short-living sunspot groups (SSG): it has a significant nonlinear scaling form A_max = (8.02 ± 0.41)LT^{(1.105±0.022)}. For the population of large long-living sunspot groups (LLG) there is a linear form A_max = (12.9 ± 1.1)LT. Allowance only for recurrent sunspot groups with lifetimes more than 40 days gives A_max = (13.93 ± 0.41)LT.

中文翻译：

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Gnevyshev-Waldmeier规则对黑子群的不同寿命和地区的特征

基于7696个非经常性黑子和566个经常性黑子组的样本，我们使用RS Gnevysheva（1954-1978）的太阳活动目录研究了Gnevyshev-Waldmeier规则。记录的最大黑子群寿命为160天。所有生命周期的通用Gnevyshev–Waldmeier规则是A _max =（12.1±0.70）LT（A _max是生命周期内的最大黑子群面积，LT是黑子群的寿命）。但是，对于一般的规则而言，短命黑子小群体（SSG）的总体线性形式有所偏离：它具有显着的非线性缩放形式A _max =（8.02±0.41）LT ^{（1.105±0.022）}。对于大型的长寿命黑子群（LLG），存在线性形式A _max =（12.9±1.1）LT。仅对寿命超过40天的反复发生的黑子群给予补贴，A _max =（13.93±0.41）LT。