Candida infection is common, while Candida parapsilosis infection in the knee joint is rare. Local symptoms of Candida infections in the knee are atypical, rarely associated with systemic symptoms, and difficult to distinguish from other types of knee arthritis. We here report a special case of C. parapsilosis infections in the knee joint. A patient had previously undergone knee puncture in a private clinic for the treatment of osteoarthritis and developed a left knee joint infection with C. parapsilosis. However, the patient only showed more severe local knee symptoms, and there was no systemic manifestation associated with any Candida infection. Surprisingly, after receiving ozone lavage, the patient showed symptoms of a systemic infection such as fever and chills. There was no positive finding in the blood cultures. Finally, the synovial fluid cultures showed a C. parapsilosis infections. After antifungal treatment and another knee ozone therapy, the patient did not experience recurrence of the infections. It is suggested that in this special case, the strong sterilization with ozone caused the destruction of C. parapsilosis, leading to a transient systemic toxin reaction. In addition, we reviewed the 17 cases of C. parapsilosis infections that have been reported thus far.

中文翻译：

---

臭氧治疗揭示了膝关节假丝酵母感染的面纱：一例病例报告和文献综述。

念珠菌感染很常见，而膝关节副假丝酵母感染很少见。膝盖念珠菌感染的局部症状是非典型的，很少与全身症状相关，并且很难与其他类型的膝关节炎区分开。我们在这里报告了膝关节寄生虫感染的一种特殊情况。一名患者先前曾在一家私人诊所接受过膝盖穿刺术以治疗骨关节炎，并发展为左膝关节感染C. parapsilosis。然而，该患者仅表现出更严重的局部膝盖症状，并且没有任何念珠菌感染相关的全身性表现。令人惊讶的是，在接受臭氧灌洗后，患者表现出全身感染的症状，例如发烧和发冷。在血液培养中没有发现阳性。最后，滑液培养显示副枝梭菌感染。在经过抗真菌治疗和另一次膝关节臭氧治疗后，患者没有再次感染。建议在这种特殊情况下，用臭氧进行强力消毒会导致副寄生梭菌的破坏，从而导致短暂的全身性毒素反应。此外，我们回顾了迄今已报道的17例C. parapsilosis感染病例。