The emergence of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has segued the development of transcatheter mitral valve (MV) repair devices. Transcatheter mitral valve repair has become a well-established alternative for patients with severe primary and secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) and with a perceived surgical risk. Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) could become a more complete form of reduction of severe MR compared to MV repair devices, albeit with significant engineering challenges and all the risks associated with a bioprosthetic heart valve. The development of TMVR devices has become prominent while companies race to become the first commercially available system. Careful consideration of design challenges should be conducted by the developmental companies to ensure successful devices. Preclinical and clinical trials have shown promising results, showcasing the feasibility of total valve replacement utilizing transcatheter procedure techniques. Further development, testing, and trials need to be conducted before TMVR can become a sensible MR treatment. This review describes design challenges and considerations along with the state of the art, involving designs in both clinical and preclinical stages.

中文翻译：

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经导管二尖瓣置换术：最新技术。

经导管主动脉瓣置换术（TAVR）的出现已经促使了经导管二尖瓣（MV）修复装置的发展。经导管二尖瓣修复已成为患有严重的原发性和继发性二尖瓣关闭不全（MR）且存在手术风险的患者的公认方法。与MV修复装置相比，经导管二尖瓣置换术（TMVR）可能成为减轻严重MR的更完整形式，尽管面临重大工程挑战以及与生物人工心脏瓣膜相关的所有风险。当公司竞相成为第一个商业可用的系统时，TMVR设备的开发变得非常重要。开发公司应仔细考虑设计挑战，以确保设备成功。临床前和临床试验已显示出令人鼓舞的结果，证明了使用经导管手术技术进行全瓣膜置换的可行性。在TMVR成为明智的MR治疗之前，需要进行进一步的开发，测试和试验。这篇综述描述了设计挑战和考虑因素以及现有技术，包括临床和临床前阶段的设计。