Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are large multi-protein complexes that control bidirectional trafficking of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. This trafficking is highly regulated and participates in a considerably broader range of cellular activities, including defense responses against pathogens in plants. Recently, NPC is emerging as a platform to physically associate the underlying chromatin with the nuclear periphery, thus regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. For instance, NPC components have been shown to promote the formation of specific genomics loops, which is linked to transcriptional memory for rapid reactivation of genes. With newly developed techniques and tools, our insight in this area has been substantially advanced. This review summarizes recent works on the molecular function of NPC machinery as hubs for transcriptional regulation and compares systems between plant and non-plant organisms.

核孔复合物（NPC）是大型的多蛋白复合物，可控制大分子在核和细胞质之间的双向运输。这种运输受到高度管制，并参与相当广泛的细胞活动，包括对植物病原体的防御反应。近来，NPC逐渐成为将基础染色质与核周围物质物理关联，从而调节染色质结构和基因表达的平台。例如，已显示NPC成分可促进特定基因组环的形成，该环与转录记忆相关联，可快速激活基因。借助最新开发的技术和工具，我们在这一领域的见解已得到实质性提升。