Background and purpose

Aflatoxins are one of the most important mycotoxins, which have been classified as Group I carcinogenic compounds by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. This investigation aimed to examine the effect of Propolis on inhibition of the Aspergillus parasiticus growth, aflatoxin production and expression of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway genes.

Materials and methods

A standard strain of Aspergillus parasiticus (ATCC 15517) was used to perform antifungal susceptibility test, using a microdilution method in accordance with the CLSI M38-A2 guidelines. The aflatoxin concentrations in the control and treated media were determined by HPLC. Also, the quantitative changes in the level of nor-1, ver-1 and omtA genes expression in aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway were analyzed using Real-Time PCR method.

Results

The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of propolis was 100 µg/ml. The results showed that total levels of aflatoxin decreased from 386.1 ppm to 3.01 ppm at 50 µg/ml of propolis. In addition, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the level of nor-1, ver-1 and omtA genes expression was significantly decreased after treatment with propolis extract.

Conclusions

The findings reveal that propolis extract, have a significant inhibitory effect on important genes for aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway in aflatoxin production.

中文翻译：

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蜂胶对寄生曲霉生长、黄曲霉毒素产生和黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径基因表达的抑制作用。

背景和目的

黄曲霉毒素是最重要的霉菌毒素之一，已被国际癌症研究机构列为第一类致癌化合物。本研究旨在检查蜂胶对寄生曲霉生长、黄曲霉毒素产生和黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径基因表达的抑制作用。

材料和方法

使用符合 CLSI M38-A2 指南的微量稀释法，使用标准的寄生曲霉菌株(ATCC 15517) 进行抗真菌药敏试验。通过 HPLC 测定对照培养基和处理培养基中的黄曲霉毒素浓度。此外，使用实时PCR方法分析了黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径中nor-1、ver-1和omtA基因表达水平的定量变化。

结果

结果表明蜂胶的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）为100 µg/ml。结果表明，在 50 µg/ml 蜂胶中，黄曲霉毒素的总含量从 386.1 ppm 降至 3.01 ppm。此外，实时定量 PCR 分析表明，用蜂胶提取物处理后，nor-1、ver-1和omtA基因的表达水平显着降低。

结论

研究结果表明，蜂胶提取物对黄曲霉毒素生产中黄曲霉毒素生物合成途径的重要基因具有显着抑制作用。