Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-protein coding RNAs that have more than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs play an important role in the regulation of protein-coding genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. They are found in most organs, with a high prevalence in the central nervous system. Accumulating data suggests that lncRNAs are involved in various neurodegenerative disorders, including the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent insights suggest lncRNAs, such as BACE1-AS, 51A, 17A, NDM29 and AS-UCHL1, are dysregulated in AD tissues. Furthermore, there are ongoing efforts to explore the clinical usability of lncRNAs as biomarkers in the disease. In this review, we explore the mechanisms by which aberrant expressions of the most studied lncRNAs contribute to the neuropathologies associated with AD, including amyloid β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in patients with AD will reveal novel diagnosis strategies and more effective therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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某些长链非编码 RNA 在阿尔茨海默病中作用的分子机制。

长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 是一组长度超过 200 个核苷酸的非蛋白质编码 RNA。LncRNA 在转录和转录后水平的蛋白质编码基因调控中发挥重要作用。它们存在于大多数器官中，在中枢神经系统中流行率很高。越来越多的数据表明，lncRNA 与多种神经退行性疾病有关，包括阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的发病和进展。最近的见解表明，lncRNA，如 BACE1-AS、51A、17A、NDM29 和 AS-UCHL1，在 AD 组织中失调。此外，正在努力探索 lncRNA 作为疾病生物标志物的临床可用性。在这次审查中，我们探索了研究最多的 lncRNA 的异常表达导致与 AD 相关的神经病理学的机制，包括淀粉样蛋白 β 斑块和神经原纤维缠结。了解 AD 患者 lncRNA 的分子机制将揭示新的诊断策略和更有效的治疗靶点。