With several different CAR T cell therapies under advanced phases of clinical trials, and the first FDA-approved CAR treatments in 2017 (Yescarta and Kymriah), CAR T cell therapy has become one of the most promising therapies for the treatment of certain types of cancer. This success has bred an opportunity to optimize the production of CAR T cells for easier patient access. CAR T cell therapy is a rather expensive and personalized process that requires expensive measures to collect cells from patients, engineer those cells, and re-infuse the cells into the patient with adequate quality controls at each phase. With this in mind, significant attempts at creating a "universal" CAR T cell are underway in order to create an "off-the-shelf" product that would reduce the expense and time required for traditional CAR T cell treatment. The primary obstacle facing this endeavor is avoiding graft-versus-host disease that accompanies allogeneic transplants between genetically dissimilar individuals. With the advent of CRISPR and TALEN technology, editing the genome of allogeneic cells has become very possible, and several groups have provided initial data analyzing the effects of CAR T cells that have been edited to avoid host rejection and avoid endogenous TCR alloreactivity. These engineered cells not only have to avoid GVHD but also have to retain their anti-tumor efficacy in vivo. Here, we expand on the recent efforts and strides that have been made in the design and testing of universal allogeneic CAR T cells.

中文翻译：

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为同种异体T细胞的普遍治疗铺平道路。

凭借处于临床试验后期的几种不同的CAR T细胞疗法以及2017年首批获得FDA批准的CAR治疗方法（Yescarta和Kymriah），CAR T细胞疗法已成为治疗某些类型癌症的最有希望的疗法之一。这一成功为优化CAR T细胞的生产带来了机会，使患者更容易接近。CAR T细胞疗法是一个相当昂贵且个性化的过程，需要昂贵的措施才能从患者体内收集细胞，改造这些细胞，并在每个阶段通过适当的质量控制将其重新注入患者体内。考虑到这一点，为了创建“现成的”产品以减少传统的CAR T细胞治疗所需的费用和时间，正在进行创建“通用” CAR T细胞的重大尝试。这项工作面临的主要障碍是避免在遗传异种个体之间进行同种异体移植时伴随的移植物抗宿主病。随着CRISPR和TALEN技术的出现，非常有可能编辑同种异体细胞的基因组，几组研究人员提供了初步数据，分析了已编辑过的CAR T细胞的作用，以避免宿主排斥反应并避免内源性TCR同种异体反应。这些工程细胞不仅必须避免GVHD，而且还必须在体内保留其抗肿瘤功效。在这里，我们将对通用异源CAR T细胞的设计和测试方面所做的最新努力和取得的进展进行扩展。随着CRISPR和TALEN技术的出现，非常有可能编辑同种异体细胞的基因组，几组研究人员提供了初步数据，分析了已编辑过的CAR T细胞的作用，以避免宿主排斥反应并避免内源性TCR同种异体反应。这些工程细胞不仅必须避免GVHD，而且还必须在体内保留其抗肿瘤功效。在这里，我们将对通用异源CAR T细胞的设计和测试方面所做的最新努力和取得的进展进行扩展。随着CRISPR和TALEN技术的出现，非常有可能编辑同种异体细胞的基因组，几组研究人员提供了初步数据，分析了已编辑过的CAR T细胞的作用，以避免宿主排斥反应并避免内源性TCR同种异体反应。这些工程细胞不仅必须避免GVHD，而且还必须在体内保留其抗肿瘤功效。在这里，我们将对通用异源CAR T细胞的设计和测试方面所做的最新努力和取得的进展进行扩展。这些工程细胞不仅必须避免GVHD，而且还必须在体内保留其抗肿瘤功效。在这里，我们将对通用异源CAR T细胞的设计和测试方面所做的最新努力和取得的进展进行扩展。这些工程细胞不仅必须避免GVHD，而且还必须在体内保留其抗肿瘤功效。在这里，我们将对通用异源CAR T细胞的设计和测试方面所做的最新努力和取得的进展进行扩展。