Purpose of Review

This comprehensive review of current concepts in the management of vertebral compression fractures is a manuscript of vertebral augmentation literature of risk factors, clinical presentation, and management. The objective of this review is to compare outcomes between multiple augmentation techniques and ongoing discussions of effectiveness of vertebral augmentation procedures.

Recent Findings

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are a prevalent disease affecting approximately 1.5 million US adults annually. VCFs can cause severe physical limitations, including back pain, functional disability, and progressive kyphosis of the thoracic spine that ultimately results in decreased appetite, poor nutrition, impaired pulmonary function, and spinal cord compression with motor and sensory deficits. The deconditioning that affects patients with vertebral compression fractures leads to mortality at a far higher rate than age-matched controls. The management of vertebral compression fractures has been extensively discussed with opponents arguing in favor or restricting conservative management and against augmentation, while proponents argue in favor of augmentation. The literature is well established in reference to the effects on mortality when patients undergo treatment with vertebral augmentation; in over a million patients with vertebral compression fractures treated with vertebral augmentation as compared with patients treated with non-surgical management, the patients receiving augmentation performed well with a decrease in morbidity and mortality.

Summary

Summary of the literature review shows that understanding the risk factors, appropriate clinical evaluation, and management strategies are crucial. Analysis of the evidence shows, based on level I and II studies, balloon kyphoplasty had significantly better and vertebroplasty tended to have better pain reduction compared with non-surgical management. In addition, balloon kyphoplasty tended to have better height restoration than vertebroplasty.

中文翻译：

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椎体压缩性骨折治疗的最新概念。

审查目的

本文对当前椎体压缩性骨折的概念进行了全面的综述，是有关椎间盘突出症危险因素，临床表现和管理的文献的手稿。这篇综述的目的是比较多种增强技术和有关椎体增强手术有效性的持续讨论之间的结果。

最近的发现

椎骨压缩性骨折（VCF）是一种普遍的疾病，每年影响约150万美国成年人。VCF可能引起严重的身体限制，包括背痛，功能障碍和胸椎进行性后凸畸形，最终导致食欲下降，营养不良，肺功能受损以及脊髓压迫伴有运动和感觉缺陷。影响椎骨压缩性骨折患者的失调导致的死亡率远高于与年龄匹配的对照组的死亡率。脊椎压缩性骨折的治疗方法已经与反对者广泛讨论，反对者争辩说赞成或限制保守治疗并反对隆胸，而支持者则主张隆胸。关于患者接受椎体隆突治疗对死亡率的影响，已有充分的文献记载。与非手术治疗相比，在超过一百万的椎体压缩性骨折患者中，接受椎体增强手术的患者表现良好，发病率和死亡率均降低。

概要

文献综述的摘要表明，了解风险因素，适当的临床评估和管理策略至关重要。证据分析表明，基于I级和II级研究，与非手术治疗相比，球囊后凸成形术明显更好，椎骨成形术的疼痛减轻效果更好。另外，球囊后凸成形术往往比椎骨成形术具有更好的高度恢复。