An efficient assessment of energy consumption, energy flow, and energy use efficiency in crop (maize) production is inevitable to accomplish the intensive demand for energy. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models based on energy input-output analysis are commonly used for the assessment of energy efficiency. However, standard implication of traditional (CCR) and extended (SBM) models has shortcomings in reporting efficiency score; CCR neglects slacks while SBM caused problems when reporting efficiency over time. To overcome this problem, an ensemble approach that compromised the characteristics of two models (CCR-SBM) is proposed in the current study. Based on the weighted average of the relative efficiencies of two contending models, an ensemble efficiency (EE) score was reported for energy efficiency evaluation of considered DMUs. Preliminary analysis ensued average maize yield of 6874 kg ha⁻¹ with an overall energy input of 42,241.45 MJ ha⁻¹, and net energy gain, energy use efficiency (average), specific energy, and energy productivity, were 58,806 MJ ha⁻¹, 2.39, 6.15 MJ kg⁻¹, and 0.16 kg MJ⁻¹, respectively. Using four major shareholders of input energy (i.e., fertilizer, diesel fuel, irrigation water and chemicals) and, maize yield as output, the projected ensemble approach resulted in an unproductive trend of energy use efficiency in Pakistan with an average ensemble efficiency score of 59.67%, and plausible potential of energy saving from 7181.046 to 33,370.74 MJ ha⁻¹. Furthermore, the ensemble approach showed that EE score could help to significantly reduce the shortcomings of slacks and time fluctuation when reporting efficiency score, compared with using individual models. The proposed approach scrutinized and provided a comprehensive state of the actual situation of energy efficiency in maize production of Pakistan that is important in the context of decision-making. Results of the study suggest resource conservation measures through better agricultural management practices, and production methods and extension activities are required to improve the efficiency of energy consumption in maize production of Pakistan.

中文翻译：

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巴基斯坦农业系统能效评估的整体方法|

对作物（玉米）生产中的能耗，能流和能源利用效率进行有效评估是不可避免的，以实现对能源的密集需求。基于能源投入产出分析的数据包络分析（DEA）模型通常用于评估能源效率。但是，传统模型（CCR）和扩展模型（SBM）的标准含义在报告效率得分方面存在不足。CCR忽略了懈怠，而SBM在报告效率随时间变化时引起了问题。为了克服这个问题，在本研究中提出了一种折衷的方法，该方法折衷了两种模型（CCR-SBM）的特性。基于两个竞争模型的相对效率的加权平均值，报告了集成效率（EE）分数，用于评估已考虑的DMU的能源效率。^-1与42,241.45 MJ公顷的总能量输入^-1，和净能量增益，能量使用效率（平均），比能量和能量效率，分别为58806 MJ公顷^-1，2.39，6.15 MJ千克^-1，和0.16 kg MJ ^-1。使用投入能源的四个主要股东（即化肥，柴油，灌溉用水和化学药品）以及玉米产量作为产出，预计的集成方法导致巴基斯坦能源使用效率的非生产性趋势，平均集成效率得分为59.67 ％，并且可能的节能潜力从7181.046降低至33,370.74 MJ ha ^-1。此外，集成方法表明，与使用单个模型相比，EE得分可以显着减少报告效率得分时的懈怠和时间波动的缺点。拟议的方法详细审查并提供了巴基斯坦玉米生产中能源效率的实际情况的全面状况，这在决策方面很重要。研究结果表明，应通过更好的农业管理实践来采取资源节约措施，并且需要生产方法和推广活动以提高巴基斯坦玉米生产中的能源消耗效率。