Serious freshwater shortage and environmental pollution boost the rapid development of solar-driven water production. Although improved evaporation rate has achieved in recent years, undesirable impurity (e.g., pollutant components) can also be inevitably evaporated and collected as impurity in produced freshwater. This work reports new ultra-light three-dimensional (3D) aerogels assembled by hierarchical Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) for exciting synchronized solar-driven evaporation and water purification. Hydrophilic Al₂O₃/TiO₂ fibrous channels linked up the graphene hot-spots and water body for sufficient water supply and bulk water insulation. Meanwhile, featured with thermal insulation effect, the Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers effectively locked the converted heat with less energy loss from sunlight. The introducing of Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers into RGO aerogel led to the effective interfacial evaporation for a more rapid water evaporation rate (2.19 kg · m⁻² · h⁻¹, normalized to evaporation area including both top and side surface), which was 36% higher than that of pristine RGO aerogel. Moreover, simultaneous with the strong steam generation, Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers in situ removed the pollutants within steam by photodegradation, achieving polluted wastewater purification with high contaminant removal ratio of 91.3%. Our work on coupling Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanofibers into photothermal aerogel provides attractive solutions for the challenges of clean water scarcity and serious environmental pollution.

中文翻译：

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分层Al 2 O 3 / TiO 2纳米纤维耦合到3D光热气凝胶中，同时进行水的蒸发和纯化

严重的淡水短缺和环境污染促进了太阳能驱动水生产的快速发展。尽管近年来已经实现了提高的蒸发速度，但是不希望的杂质（例如污染物成分）也不可避免地会蒸发并作为杂质收集在生产的淡水中。这项工作报告了由分层的Al ₂ O ₃ / TiO ₂纳米纤维和还原的氧化石墨烯（RGO）组装而成的新型超轻型三维（3D）气凝胶，用于激发同步的太阳能驱动的蒸发和水净化。亲水性Al ₂ O ₃ / TiO ₂纤维通道将石墨烯热点和水体连接起来，以提供充足的水和大量的水绝缘。同时，具有隔热作用的Al ₂ O ₃ / TiO ₂纳米纤维有效地锁定了转换后的热量，同时减少了阳光的能量损失。在RGO气凝胶中引入Al ₂ O ₃ / TiO ₂纳米纤维可实现有效的界面蒸发，从而实现更快的水蒸发速率（2.19 kg·m ^-2  ·h ^-1，归一化为包括顶部和侧面在内的蒸发面积） ，比原始RGO气凝胶高36％。此外，在产生强蒸汽的同时，Al ₂O ₃ / TiO ₂纳米纤维通过光降解就地去除了蒸汽中的污染物，实现了污水净化，污染物去除率高达91.3％。我们将Al ₂ O ₃ / TiO ₂纳米纤维耦合到光热气凝胶中的工作为解决清洁水短缺和严重环境污染的挑战提供了有吸引力的解决方案。