Lipids are fundamental to life as structural components of cellular membranes and for signaling. They are also key regulators of different cellular processes such as cell division, proliferation, and death. Regulated cell death (RCD) requires the engagement of lipids and lipid metabolism for the initiation and execution of its killing machinery. The permeabilization of lipid membranes is a hallmark of RCD that involves, for each kind of cell death, a unique lipid profile. While the permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane allows the release of apoptotic factors to the cytosol during apoptosis, permeabilization of the plasma membrane facilitates the release of intracellular content in other nonapoptotic types of RCD like necroptosis and ferroptosis. Lipids and lipid membranes are important accessory molecules required for the activation of protein executors of cell death such as BAX in apoptosis and MLKL in necroptosis. Peroxidation of membrane phospholipids and the subsequent membrane destabilization is a prerequisite to ferroptosis. Here, we discuss how lipids are essential players in apoptosis, the most common form of RCD, and also their role in necroptosis and ferroptosis. Altogether, we aim to highlight the contribution of lipids and membrane dynamics in cell death regulation.

中文翻译：

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脂质对调节细胞死亡的观点。

作为细胞膜的结构成分和信号传导，脂质是生命的基础。它们也是不同细胞过程如细胞分裂，增殖和死亡的关键调节因子。调节性细胞死亡（RCD）需要脂质和脂质代谢的参与，以启动和执行其杀伤机制。脂质膜的通透性是RCD的标志，它对于每种细胞死亡都涉及独特的脂质谱。线粒体外膜的透化允许凋亡过程中细胞因子释放到细胞质中，而质膜的透化则有助于其他非凋亡类型的RCD（如坏死病和肥大病）中细胞内含量的释放。脂质和脂质膜是激活细胞死亡的蛋白执行因子（例如凋亡中的BAX和坏死病中的MLKL）所需的重要辅助分子。膜磷脂的过氧化作用和随后的膜失稳是肥大症的先决条件。在这里，我们讨论脂质如何是细胞凋亡（RCD的最常见形式）中必不可少的参与者，以及它们在坏死病和肥大病中的作用。总而言之，我们旨在突出脂质和膜动力学在细胞死亡调节中的作用。以及它们在坏死病和肥大病中的作用。总而言之，我们旨在突出脂质和膜动力学在细胞死亡调节中的作用。以及它们在坏死病和肥大病中的作用。总而言之，我们旨在突出脂质和膜动力学在细胞死亡调节中的作用。