Fluorescence is a powerful means to probe information processing in the mammalian brain¹. However, neuronal tissues are highly heterogeneous and thus opaque to light. A wide set of non-invasive or invasive techniques for scattered light rejection, optical sectioning or localized excitation have been developed, but non-invasive optical recording of activity through a highly scattering layer beyond the ballistic regime is impossible as yet. Here, we show that functional signals from fluorescent time-varying sources located below a highly scattering bone tissue can be retrieved efficiently by exploiting matrix factorization algorithms to demix this information from temporal sequences of low-contrast fluorescence speckle patterns.

荧光是探测哺乳动物大脑^1中信息处理的有力手段。但是，神经元组织高度异质，因此对光不透明。已经开发了用于散射光排斥，光学切片或局部激发的各种各样的非侵入性或侵入性技术，但是迄今为止还不可能通过弹道范围之外的高度散射层对活动进行非侵入性光学记录。在这里，我们表明可以通过利用矩阵分解算法从低对比度荧光斑点图案的时间序列中混合该信息来有效地检索来自位于高度散射的骨组织下方的荧光时变源的功能信号。