Abstract

Polyaniline-derived oxygen- and nitrogen-decorated hierarchical porous carbons (N/O-HPC) are easily prepared by fast electrochemical polymerization combined with pyrolysis process. During the heating process, perchloric acid was decomposed to produce oxygen which could react with PANI-derived carbon to form a porous structure. The XPS results show the content of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups in the porous carbon matrix is 4.31% and 4.42%, respectively, and the BET results show that the specific surface area of the porous carbon is 1197.4 m² g⁻¹. The high content of oxygen and nitrogen functional groups as well as the high specific surface area is beneficial to N/O-HPC materials as supercapacitors. Typically, N/O-HPC displays a high specific capacitance of 419.8 F g⁻¹, 179.8 F g⁻¹, and 343.2 F g⁻¹ at 0.2 A g⁻¹ in 1 M H₂SO₄, 0.5 M K₂SO₄, and 6 M KOH electrolytes, respectively. Specially, the maintenance of capacitance is over 93% after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹ in all three electrolyte solutions. The outstanding electrochemical performance of N/O-HPC can be ascribed to the introduction of nitrogen and oxygen functional groups in porous carbon matrix and the formation of special porous structure.

中文翻译：

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聚苯胺衍生的氮和氧修饰的分层多孔碳，可作为超级电容器的有效电极材料

摘要

聚苯胺衍生的氧和氮修饰的分级多孔碳（N / O-HPC）可以通过快速电化学聚合和热解工艺轻松制备。在加热过程中，高氯酸分解产生氧气，该氧气可以与PANI衍生的碳反应形成多孔结构。XPS结果显示多孔碳基质中的氧和氮官能团的含量分别为4.31％和4.42％，并且BET结果显示多孔碳的比表面积为1197.4m ²  g ^-1。氧和氮官能团的含量高以及比表面积高，对作为超级电容器的N / O-HPC材料有利。通常，N / O-HPC表现出419.8 F g的高比电容^-1，179.8 F G ^-1，和343.2 F G ^-1 0.2 A G ^-1在1 MH ₂ SO ₄，0.5 MK ₂ SO ₄，及6M KOH电解质，分别。特别地，在所有三种电解质溶液中，在5 A g ^-1下进行5000次循环后，电容的维持率均超过93％。N / O-HPC出色的电化学性能可归因于在多孔碳基体中引入氮和氧官能团以及形成特殊的多孔结构。