Background Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presents with extensive phenotype. The aim of this study was to determine the phenotype of pediatric IBD patients in Croatia at diagnosis and follow-up. Methods Children were prospectively recruited into Croatian IBD national registry. Data on diagnostic evaluation, therapy and 1-year follow-up were collected. Results A total of 51 newly diagnosed patients were recruited (19 Crohn’s disease (CD), 28 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 4 IBD-unclassified (IBD-U)). Most common location in CD was ileocolonic disease (52.6%), and pancolitis in UC (53.6%). The recommended complete diagnostic algorithm was performed only in 29.4% of patients. First-line therapy used in CD was exclusive enteral nutrition for remission induction (84.2%) and azathioprine for maintenance (73.7%). In patients with UC, aminosalicylates were the most common drug used (89.3%). By the end of the first year 41.2% of CD and 53.9% of UC patients had one or more relapses and required treatment escalation. Conclusion Our data confirm extensive intestinal involvement in pediatric IBD and relatively high relapse rate during the first year of follow-up. More effort should be invested on the national level to implement more stringent adherence to the current European guidelines. Impact The key message of our article is that pediatric IBD in Croatia shows extensive intestinal involvement with high relapse rates in first year of follow-up. It is the first cohort study reporting on the phenotype of pediatric IBD in Croatia, but also investigates adherence to diagnostic and therapeutic European guidelines which is not commonly reported. The study is national based, thus having the greatest impact on Croatian health care,stressing out that more effort should be invested on the national level to implement more stringent adherence to the current European guidelines.

中文翻译：

---

克罗地亚儿童患者的 IBD 表型和早期病程：来自克罗地亚国家登记处的数据

背景 小儿炎症性肠病 (IBD) 具有广泛的表型。本研究的目的是确定克罗地亚儿童 IBD 患者在诊断和随访时的表型。方法 儿童被前瞻性地招募到克罗地亚 IBD 国家登记处。收集了有关诊断评估、治疗和 1 年随访的数据。结果共招募了51名新诊断患者（19名克罗恩病（CD），28名溃疡性结肠炎（UC）和4名IBD未分类（IBD-U））。CD 中最常见的部位是回结肠疾病 (52.6%) 和 UC 中的全结肠炎 (53.6%)。推荐的完整诊断算法仅在 29.4% 的患者中进行。CD 的一线治疗是用于诱导缓解的纯肠内营养 (84.2%) 和用于维持的硫唑嘌呤 (73.7%)。在 UC 患者中，氨基水杨酸盐​​是最常用的药物（89.3%）。到第一年年底，41.2% 的 CD 和 53.9% 的 UC 患者有一次或多次复发并需要治疗升级。结论 我们的数据证实了小儿 IBD 的广泛肠道受累，并且在随访的第一年中复发率相对较高。应在国家层面投入更多努力，以更严格地遵守当前的欧洲准则。影响 我们文章的关键信息是克罗地亚的儿科 IBD 显示出广泛的肠道受累，在随访的第一年复发率很高。这是克罗地亚第一个报告儿科 IBD 表型的队列研究，但也调查了对欧洲诊断和治疗指南的依从性，这是不常见的。该研究是基于国家的，