Abstract

A one-step carbonization strategy without KOH activation has been developed to fabricate N-doped porous carbon with a large specific surface area of 1520 m² g⁻¹, a relatively high nitrogen content of 6.13 wt%, abundant active sites, partial graphitization, and high conductivity. This exploration is based on poly(styrene/divinylbenzene) (p(St/DVB) foam prepared by high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) and with the loading of urea as the nitrogen source. The carbonization process was subsequently carried out at 800 °C to achieve the synthesis of N-doped porous carbon. The electrochemical properties of N-doped porous carbon were evaluated in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ and 1 M KOH aqueous electrolytes, respectively. In acidic medium, the obtained sample exhibits a high specific capacitance of 276 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ in the potential range of 0–1 V and 70.2% capacitance retention at 20 A g⁻¹. Quite high stability with only 2.2% capacitance loss is confirmed through a 10,000-GCD-cycle at 10 A g⁻¹. In contrast, in a base electrolyte, the N-doped porous carbon also shows excellent energy storage performance with a specific capacitance of 268 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ in the potential range of – 1 to 0 V along with capacitance retention of 67.2% at 20 A g⁻¹. After 10,000 cycles tested at 10 A g^–1, our sample still maintains 94.4% retention of initial capacitance. It is convinced that the microstructures result in excellent electrochemical performance.

中文翻译：

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一步一步碳化聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯以制备用于高性能超级电容器电极的N掺杂多孔碳

摘要

已经开发出一种没有KOH活化的一步碳化方法，以制备N掺杂的多孔碳，其比表面积为1520 m ²  g ^-1，氮含量相对较高，为6.13 wt％，活性位点丰富，部分石墨化，和高导电性。该探索基于高内相乳液（HIPE）制备的聚苯乙烯/二乙烯基苯泡沫（p（St / DVB）泡沫，并以尿素作为氮源，随后在800°C下进行碳化过程为实现N掺杂多孔碳的合成，在0.5 MH ₂ SO _4下评价了N掺杂多孔碳的电化学性能。和1 M KOH水性电解质。在酸性介质中，所获得的样品在0 A至1 V的电位范围内，在1 A g ^-1下显示出276 F g ^-1的高比电容，在20 A g ^-1下的电容保持率为70.2％。通过在10 A g ^-1下的10,000-GCD循环，可以确认仅具有2.2％的电容损失，就具有很高的稳定性。相比之下，在基础电解质中，N掺杂的多孔碳还显示出出色的能量存储性能，在1 A g ^-1下在– 1至0 V的电位范围内的比电容为268 F g ^-1在20 A g ^-1时为67.2％。10,000次循环后，以10 A g ^–1进行测试，我们的样品仍保持94.4％的初始电容保持率。可以肯定的是，微观结构导致了优异的电化学性能。