Cyanide (C≡N) can lead to blood, cardiovascular system, and nervous system disorders owing to the acute and chronic toxicity; thus, aiming at the group or individual poisoning incidents, it is necessary to develop the sensitive and credible method for rapid on-site detection of poisons cyanide. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) with the advantages of providing fingerprint information of target molecules and single-molecules sensitivity has been widely used in on-site analysis; however, the SERS measurements always suffer from the problem of the stability of substrates. Here, the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-stabilized Au NPs (PVP-Au NPs) have been assembled through the simple, convenient evaporation-induced strategy with the large-scale hotspots substrates. The presence of PVP can not only facilitate the assembly of Au NPs but also prevent the corrosion of CN- towards the Au NPs with the formation of [Au (CN)2]-1, providing high stable and reproducible SERS signals. Moreover, the PVP-Au NPs have been assembled on the Si wafer to fabricate the portable SERS chip for rapid on-site detection of CN- with an RSD of 5.8% and limitation of 100 ppb. Furthermore, by coupling a portable Raman spectrometer, the SERS spectra of CN- spiked into different specimens to simulate the poison samples have been collected and analyzed on SERS chips with the recovery of 89-103% and RSD not higher than 11.3%. Consequently, the fabricated SERS chip with assembled PVP-Au NPs can provide sensitive and credible detection for CN- in different specimens, and then would satisfy the rapid on-site evaluation of CN- in poisoning incidents with the portable Raman spectrometer. Graphical Abstract.

中文翻译：

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将PVP-Au NP组装为便携式芯片，用于通过表面增强拉曼光谱法灵敏检测氰化物。

氰化物（C≡N）由于急性和慢性毒性会导致血液，心血管系统和神经系统疾病；因此，针对群体或个人中毒事件，有必要开发一种灵敏，可靠的方法来快速现场检测有毒的氰化物。表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）具有提供目标分子的指纹信息和单分子灵敏度的优点，已广泛用于现场分析；然而，SERS测量总是遭受基板稳定性的问题。在这里，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）稳定化的金纳米粒子（PVP-Au NPs）已通过简单，方便的蒸发诱导策略与大型热点基板组装在一起。PVP的存在不仅可以促进Au NP的组装，还可以防止CN-对Au NP的腐蚀并形成[Au（CN）2] -1，从而提供高稳定性和可再现的SERS信号。此外，已将PVP-Au NP组装在Si晶片上，以制造便携式SERS芯片，用于快速现场检测CN-，RSD为5.8％，限制为100 ppb。此外，通过耦合便携式拉曼光谱仪，已采集加标到不同样品中以模拟毒物样品的CN-的SERS光谱，并在SERS芯片上进行了分析，回收率为89-103％，RSD不高于11.3％。因此，带有组装好的PVP-Au NP的SERS芯片可以为不同样本中的CN-提供灵敏而可靠的检测，然后可以使用便携式拉曼光谱仪对中毒事件中的CN-进行快速现场评估。图形概要。