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Translational Genomics in Neurocritical Care: a Review.
Neurotherapeutics ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00838-1
Pavlos Myserlis 1, 2 , Farid Radmanesh 3 , Christopher D Anderson 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Translational genomics represents a broad field of study that combines genome and transcriptome-wide studies in humans and model systems to refine our understanding of human biology and ultimately identify new ways to treat and prevent disease. The approaches to translational genomics can be broadly grouped into two methodologies, forward and reverse genomic translation. Traditional (forward) genomic translation begins with model systems and aims at using unbiased genetic associations in these models to derive insight into biological mechanisms that may also be relevant in human disease. Reverse genomic translation begins with observations made through human genomic studies and refines these observations through follow-up studies using model systems. The ultimate goal of these approaches is to clarify intervenable processes as targets for therapeutic development. In this review, we describe some of the approaches being taken to apply translational genomics to the study of diseases commonly encountered in the neurocritical care setting, including hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus, utilizing both forward and reverse genomic translational techniques. Further, we highlight approaches in the field that could be applied in neurocritical care to improve our ability to identify new treatment modalities as well as to provide important information to patients about risk and prognosis.

中文翻译:

神经重症监护中的转化基因组学:综述。

转化基因组学是一个广泛的研究领域,将人类和模型系统的全基因组和转录组研究结合在一起,以完善我们对人类生物学的理解,并最终确定治疗和预防疾病的新方法。翻译基因组学的方法可以大致分为两种方法,正向和反向基因组翻译。传统的(正向)基因组翻译从模型系统开始,旨在在这些模型中使用无偏遗传关联来深入了解可能与人类疾病相关的生物学机制。反向基因组翻译从通过人类基因组研究得出的观察结果开始,并通过使用模型系统的后续研究完善这些观察结果。这些方法的最终目标是阐明可干预的过程作为治疗发展的目标。在这篇综述中,我们介绍了将转化基因组学应用于神经重症监护环境中常见疾病的研究的一些方法,包括正向和反向使用,包括出血性和缺血性中风,脑外伤,蛛网膜下腔出血和癫痫持续状态。反向基因组翻译技术。此外,我们重点介绍了可以在神经重症监护中应用的方法,以提高我们识别新治疗方式的能力,并向患者提供有关风险和预后的重要信息。我们描述了采用正向和反向基因组转化技术将转化基因组学应用于神经重症监护环境中常见疾病的研究的一些方法,这些疾病包括出血性和缺血性中风,脑外伤,蛛网膜下腔出血和癫痫持续状态。此外,我们重点介绍了可在神经重症监护中应用的方法,以提高我们识别新治疗方式的能力,并向患者提供有关风险和预后的重要信息。我们描述了采用正向和反向基因组转化技术将转化基因组学应用于神经重症监护环境中常见疾病的研究的一些方法,这些疾病包括出血性和缺血性中风,颅脑外伤,蛛网膜下腔出血和癫痫持续状态。此外,我们重点介绍了可在神经重症监护中应用的方法,以提高我们识别新治疗方式的能力,并向患者提供有关风险和预后的重要信息。
更新日期:2020-02-20
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