Abstract Mitochondria are essential organelles of virtually all eukaryotic organisms. As they cannot be made de novo, they have to be inherited during cell division. In this review, we provide an overview on mitochondrial inheritance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a powerful model organism to study asymmetric cell division. Several processes have to be coordinated during mitochondrial inheritance: mitochondrial transport along the actin cytoskeleton into the emerging bud is powered by a myosin motor protein; cell cortex anchors retain a critical fraction of mitochondria in the mother cell and bud to ensure proper partitioning; and the quantity of mitochondria inherited by the bud is controlled during cell cycle progression. Asymmetric division of yeast cells produces rejuvenated daughter cells and aging mother cells that die after a finite number of cell divisions. We highlight the critical role of mitochondria in this process and discuss how asymmetric mitochondrial partitioning and cellular aging are connected.

中文翻译：

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酵母中线粒体的不对称遗传

摘要 线粒体是几乎所有真核生物的重要细胞器。由于它们不能从头制造，它们必须在细胞分裂过程中遗传。在这篇综述中，我们概述了酿酒酵母中的线粒体遗传，酿酒酵母是一种研究不对称细胞分裂的强大模式生物。在线粒体遗传过程中必须协调几个过程：线粒体沿肌动蛋白细胞骨架运输到新兴芽中，由肌球蛋白运动蛋白提供动力；细胞皮质锚在母细胞和芽中保留了线粒体的关键部分，以确保适当的分区；芽继承的线粒体数量在细胞周期进程中受到控制。酵母细胞的不对称分裂产生恢复活力的子细胞和在有限数量的细胞分裂后死亡的老化母细胞。我们强调了线粒体在这个过程中的关键作用，并讨论了不对称线粒体分配和细胞衰老是如何联系在一起的。