Reduction in diversity of the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) is being identified in many disease states, and studies are showing important biologic contributions of microbiome to health and disease. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is being evaluated as a way to reverse dysbiosis in diseases and disorders in an attempt to improve health. The published literature was reviewed to determine the value of FMT in the treatment of medical disorders for which clinical trials have recently been conducted. FMT is effective in treating recurrent C. difficile infection in one or two doses, with many healthy donors providing efficacious fecal-derived products. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), FMT may lead to remission in approximately one-third of moderate-to-severe illnesses with one study suggesting that more durable FMT responses may be seen when used once medical remissions have been achieved. Donor products differ in their efficacy in treatment of IBD. Combining donor products has been one way to increase the potential value of FMT in treating chronic disorders. FMT is being explored in a variety of clinical settings affecting different organ systems outside CDI, with positive preliminary signals, in treatment of functional constipation, immunotherapy-induced colitis, neurodegenerative disease, as well as prevention of cancer-related disorders like graft versus host disease and decolonization of patients with recurrent urinary tract infection due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Currently, intense research is underway to see how the microbiome products like FMT can be harnessed for health benefits.

中文翻译：

---

肠道菌群异常在医学疾病和粪便微生物群移植的潜在可逆性。

在许多疾病状态中，肠道微生物组多样性的减少（营养不良）正在被发现，研究表明微生物组对健康和疾病的重要生物学贡献。粪便微生物菌群移植（FMT）正被评估为一种逆转疾病和病症中的生物失调的方法，以期改善健康状况。回顾了已发表的文献，以确定FMT在最近进行了临床试验的医学疾病治疗中的价值。FMT以一剂或两剂有效治疗复发性艰难梭菌感染，许多健康的供体提供了有效的粪便衍生产品。在炎症性肠病（IBD）中，FMT可能导致大约三分之一的中重度疾病缓解，一项研究表明，一旦实现医学缓解，使用FMT可能会出现更持久的FMT反应。供体产品治疗IBD的功效不同。结合供体产品已成为增加FMT在治疗慢性疾病中的潜在价值的一种方法。在各种积极影响CDI以外的不同器官系统的临床环境中，正在以积极的初步信号探索FMT，以治疗功能性便秘，免疫疗法诱发的结肠炎，神经退行性疾病以及预防与癌症有关的疾病，例如移植物抗宿主病抗生素耐药细菌引起的尿路反复感染患者的非殖民化和非殖民化。目前，