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Noninvasive neuromodulation of the prefrontal cortex in young women with obesity: a randomized clinical trial.
International Journal of Obesity ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-19 , DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0545-3
Priscila Giacomo Fassini 1, 2 , Sai Krupa Das 3 , Greta Magerowski 1 , Júlio Sérgio Marchini 2 , Wilson Araújo da Silva Junior 2 , Isabela Rozatte da Silva 2 , Rafaella de Souza Ribeiro Salgueiro 2 , Cássia Dias Machado 2 , Vivian Marques Miguel Suen 2 , Miguel Alonso-Alonso 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity is associated with reduced neurocognitive performance. Individuals with obesity show decreased activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a key brain region relevant to the regulation of eating behavior. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a potential technique to correct these abnormalities. However, there is limited information to date, particularly in clinical settings and regarding long-term effects of tDCS. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DLPFC-targeted tDCS in young women with obesity. SUBJECT/METHODS Randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled parallel-design clinical trial conducted in 38 women, aged 20-40 years, with BMI 30-35 kg/m2. STUDY DESIGN Phase I: target engagement (immediate effects of tDCS on working memory performance), Phase II: tDCS only (ten sessions, 2 weeks), Phase III: tDCS + hypocaloric diet (six sessions, 30% energy intake reduction, 2 weeks, inpatient), Phase IV: follow-up at 1, 3, and 6 months. PRIMARY OUTCOME change in body weight. SECONDARY OUTCOMES change in eating behavior and appetite. Additional analyses: effect of Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) gene variability. Data were analyzed as linear mixed models. RESULTS There was no group difference in change in body weight during the tDCS intervention. At follow-up, the active group lost less weight than the sham group. In addition, the active group regained weight at 6-month follow-up, compared with sham. Genetic analysis indicated that COMT Met noncarriers were the subgroup that accounted for this paradoxical response in the active group. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that in young women with class I obesity, tDCS targeted to the DLPFC does not facilitate weight loss. Indeed, we found indications that tDCS could have a paradoxical effect in this population, possibly connected with individual differences in dopamine availability. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.

中文翻译:

肥胖年轻女性前额皮质的无创神经调节:一项随机临床试验。

背景/目标 肥胖与神经认知功能下降有关。肥胖个体的左背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC)的激活减少,这是与饮食行为调节相关的关键大脑区域。经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)已成为纠正这些异常的潜在技术。然而,迄今为止的信息有限,特别是在临床环境和有关 tDCS 的长期影响方面。本研究旨在调查 DLPFC 靶向 tDCS 对年轻肥胖女性的影响。主题/方法 对 38 名年龄 20-40 岁、BMI 30-35 kg/m2 的女性进行随机、双盲、假对照平行设计临床试验。研究设计 第一阶段:目标参与(tDCS 对工作记忆表现的直接影响),第二阶段:仅 tDCS(十次疗程,2 周),第三阶段:tDCS + 低热量饮食(6 次疗程,能量摄入减少 30%,2 周) ,住院患者),IV 期:1、3 和 6 个月的随访。主要结果体重变化。次要结果是饮食行为和食欲的改变。附加分析:儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶 (COMT) 基因变异的影响。数据作为线性混合模型进行分析。结果 tDCS 干预期间体重变化没有组间差异。随访时,活动组的体重减轻少于假手术组。此外,与假手术组相比,活动组在 6 个月的随访中体重恢复。遗传分析表明,COMT Met 非携带者是导致活跃组出现这种矛盾反应的亚组。结论 我们的结果表明,对于患有 I 级肥胖的年轻女性,针对 DLPFC 的 tDCS 并不能促进减肥。事实上,我们发现有迹象表明经颅直流电刺激可能会对这一人群产生矛盾的影响,这可能与多巴胺可用性的个体差异有关。需要未来的研究来证实这些发现。
更新日期:2020-02-19
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