Abstract

ZnO is considered to be the next generation lithium-ion battery anode material due to its high theoretical capacity, low potential, abundant resources and low toxicity. However, high volume expansion during charge–discharge process makes ZnO powdered and agglomerated easily. In the work, we fabricate a porous carbon skeleton by using rice husk (RH) lignin, and the ZnO nanoparticles are supported on the skeleton uniformly. Its unique structure provides excellent stability and electrical conductivity. RH as a carbon source will improve the utilization rate of biomass materials in the refining process. The samples were characterised by XRD, Raman, TG, SEM and transmission electron microscopy, and the materials presented a promising Li storage properties and electrochemical performance with a discharge capacity of 898.1 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.2C after 110 cycles, which is very close to the theoretical specific capacity of zinc oxide (978 mAh g⁻¹).

中文翻译：

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稻壳木质素基多孔碳和ZnO复合材料作为高性能锂离子电池的负极

摘要

ZnO具有较高的理论容量，低电势，丰富的资源和低毒性，因此被认为是下一代锂离子电池负极材料。但是，充放电过程中的高体积膨胀使ZnO容易粉化和聚结。在工作中，我们使用稻壳（RH）木质素制造了多孔碳骨架，并且ZnO纳米粒子均匀地负载在骨架上。其独特的结构提供了出色的稳定性和导电性。RH作为碳源将提高精炼过程中生物质材料的利用率。通过XRD，拉曼，TG，SEM和透射电镜对样品进行了表征，这些材料具有令人满意的Li储存性能和电化学性能，放电容量为898.1 mAh g。110次循环后，在0.2C时^-1，非常接近氧化锌的理论比容量（978 mAh g ^-1）。