Imidazole dipeptides (IDPs) such as carnosine (CAR), anserine (ANS), and balenine (BAL) are widely distributed in the skeletal muscle of vertebrates. Recently, several studies have revealed that CAR plays an important role in the detoxification of cytotoxic aldehydes arising from the peroxide of unsaturated fatty acids and carbohydrate metabolite. Although intensive studies on the detoxification of aldehydes by CAR have been performed, few studies have focused on the effects of detoxification by ANS and BAL. To determine the potential of minor IDPs such as ANS and BAL to react with cytotoxic aldehydes, the present study was established to investigate the consumption of IDP after co-incubation with cytotoxic aldehydes using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In the case of unsaturated fatty acid-derived aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal (from n-6 fatty acid) and 4-hydroxy-2-trans-hexenal (from n-3 fatty acid), ANS and CAR decreased considerably after co-incubation, but BAL did not. In the case of 3-deoxyglucosone and methylglyoxal as carbohydrate metabolites, no IDPs decreased after co-incubation; however, the absorbance at 336 nm of the CAR and BAL mixtures increased dramatically in a time-dependent manner. In the case of glyceraldehyde, which is also a carbohydrate metabolite, all IDPs, especially BAL, decreased after co-incubation and a new peak, surmised to represent an IDP-glyceraldehyde adduct, appeared on the HPLC chromatogram. These results can help explain the unique function and behavior of ANS and BAL in specific species.

中文翻译：

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三种咪唑二肽，肌肽，鹅肌肽和巴宁与不饱和脂肪酸衍生的醛和碳水化合物衍生的醛相互作用的能力

咪唑二肽（IDP），例如肌肽（CAR），鹅肌肽（ANS）和巴林素（BAL）广泛分布在脊椎动物的骨骼肌中。最近，一些研究表明，CAR在不饱和脂肪酸和碳水化合物代谢产物的过氧化物引起的细胞毒性醛的解毒中起着重要作用。尽管已经进行了关于通过CAR对醛进行解毒的深入研究，但是很少有研究集中在ANS和BAL进行解毒的作用上。为了确定次要IDP（例如ANS和BAL）与细胞毒性醛反应的潜力，本研究旨在研究使用高效液相色谱（HPLC）与细胞毒性醛共孵育后IDP的消耗量。对于不饱和脂肪酸衍生的醛，例如4-羟基-2-共温育后，反式-壬烯醛（来自n-6脂肪酸）和4-羟基-2-反式己烯醛（来自n-3脂肪酸），ANS和CAR显着降低，但BAL没有。以3-脱氧葡萄糖苷和甲基乙二醛为碳水化合物代谢物时，共孵育后IDP不会降低；但是，CAR和BAL混合物在336 nm处的吸光度随时间呈显着增加。在甘油醛（它也是一种碳水化合物的代谢产物）的情况下，所有IDP（尤其是BAL）在共同孵育后都会下降，并且在HPLC色谱图中出现一个新峰（据推测代表IDP-甘油醛加合物）。这些结果可以帮助解释ANS和BAL在特定物种中的独特功能和行为。