The production of cellulosic ethanol has been gaining attention in the industry sector because of the high availability of lignocellulosic biomass from agricultural and forestry activities. Pinus patula is one of the most typical softwood species in Colombia. The aim of this work is to evaluate the production of ethanol using Pinus patula as raw material using dilute acid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis to produce sugars able to be used as substrate for the strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Three fermentation configurations were selected to evaluate the performance of the microorganism: configurations 1 and 2 used glucose in a percentage of 80%w/v and 70%w/v, respectively, as substrate to establish the adaptation requirements of the microorganism. The configuration 3 considered the use of concentrated P. patula hydrolysate. An experimental yield of 0.364 ± 0.009 g ethanol/g sugar (73% of the theoretical) was obtained. Additionally, the economic and energetic comparison between the biochemical (ethanol production through fermentation) and thermochemical (synthesis gas through gasification) pathways to produce bioenergy was performed through simulation approaches. As main results, a higher ethanol production cost (1.53 USD/L) was obtained in comparison to the market price (0.77 USD/L) and a low energy efficiency (20%). Different alternatives such as waste integration and energy incentives must be considered in order to produce ethanol in a feasible way.

中文翻译：

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以松果为原料发酵生产乙醇的经济和能源评估

纤维素乙醇的生产已经受到工业界的关注，因为来自农业和林业活动的木质纤维素生物质的高可用性。樟子松是哥伦比亚最典型的软木树种之一。这项工作的目的是评估以pat松为原料的乙醇的生产，其中使用稀酸进行预处理并进行酶促水解以产生能够用作酿酒酵母菌株底物的糖。选择三种发酵构型以评估微生物的性能：构型1和2使用分别占80％w / v和70％w / v百分比的葡萄糖作为底物，以确定微生物的适应性要求。配置3考虑了使用集中的pat。patula水解物。获得的实验产量为0.364±0.009 g乙醇/ g糖（理论值的73％）。此外，通过模拟方法对生物化学（通过发酵生产乙醇）和热化学（通过气化合成气体）途径产生生物能的途径进行了经济和有力的比较。作为主要结果，与市场价格（0.77美元/升）相比，获得了更高的乙醇生产成本（1.53美元/升），并且能源效率较低（20％）。为了以可行的方式生产乙醇，必须考虑不同的替代方案，例如废物整合和能源激励措施。