Abstract

A “green” method to synthesize new composite membranes from a cellulose solution in phosphoric acid on various ultrafiltration substrates is proposed. The method can be used in industry; it differs from the conventional viscose method for producing cellophane and other known methods for synthesizing cellulose-based gas separation membranes by the absence of gaseous emissions and wastewater. The structure of the synthesized samples is studied by electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis (DSC). Analysis of the mechanical properties of the samples shows that the new membranes have better mechanical characteristics than those of homogeneous pure cellulose films synthesized in this study and commercial cellophane films. The gas transport properties of new membranes with respect to O₂, N₂, CO₂, CH₄, and He are studied. It is found that the proposed membrane synthesis method provides the formation of uniform dense gas separation layers of cellulose; the membranes show a three orders of magnitude higher gas permeability than that of cellophane films. It is shown that the highest ideal selectivity is exhibited by membranes with a gas separation layer of cellulose on viscose fabric substrates.

中文翻译：

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纤维素基复合气体分离膜

摘要

提出了一种“绿色”方法，可以在多种超滤基质上由磷酸的纤维素溶液合成新的复合膜。该方法可用于工业中。它与传统的生产玻璃纸的粘胶法和其他已知的用于合成纤维素基气体分离膜的方法不同，因为没有气体排放物和废水。通过电子显微镜，X射线衍射和热分析（DSC）研究了合成样品的结构。样品的机械性能分析表明，与本研究中合成的均质纯纤维素膜和商用玻璃纸膜相比，新膜具有更好的机械特性。新膜相对于O ₂，N的气体传输特性_研究了2，CO ₂，CH ₄和He。发现所提出的膜合成方法提供了纤维素的均匀致密的气体分离层的形成。膜的透气性比玻璃纸膜高三个数量级。结果表明，在粘胶织物基材上具有纤维素气体分离层的膜表现出最高的理想选择性。