Sitophilus zeamais is a key pest of stored grains. Its control is made, usually, using synthetic insecticides, despite their negative impacts. Botanical insecticides with fumigant/repellent properties may offer an alternative solution. This work describes the effects of Anethum graveolens, Petroselinum crispum, Foeniculum vulgare and Cuminum cyminum essential oils (EOs) and (S)-carvone, cuminaldehyde, estragole and (+)-fenchone towards adults of S. zeamais. Acute toxicity was assessed by fumigation and topical application. Repellence was evaluated by an area preference bioassay and two-choice test, using maize grains. LC50 determined by fumigation ranged from 51.8 to 535.8 mg L−1 air, with (S)-carvone being the most active. LD50 values for topical applications varied from 23 to 128 µg per adult for (S)-carvone > cuminaldehyde > A. graveolens > C. cyminum > P. crispum. All EOs/standard compounds reduced significantly the percentage of insects attracted to maize grains (65–80%) in the two-choice repellence test, whereas in the area preference bioassay RD50 varied from 1.4 to 45.2 µg cm−2, with cuminaldehyde, (S)-carvone and estragole being strongly repellents. Petroselinum crispum EO and cuminaldehyde affected the nutritional parameters relative growth rate, efficiency conversion index of ingested food and antifeeding effect, displaying antinutritional effects toward S. zeamais. In addition, P. crispum and C. cyminum EOs, as well as cuminaldehyde, showed the highest acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity in vitro (IC50 = 185, 235 and 214.5 µg mL−1, respectively). EOs/standard compounds exhibited acute toxicity, and some treatments showed antinutritional effects towards S. zeamais. Therefore, the tested plant products might be good candidates to be considered to prevent damages caused by this pest.

中文翻译：

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一些伞形科精油及其成分对 Sitophilus zeamais (鞘翅目: Curculionidae) 的生物活性

玉米丝虫是贮藏粮食的主要害虫。尽管有负面影响，但通常使用合成杀虫剂对其进行控制。具有熏蒸剂/驱虫剂特性的植物杀虫剂可以提供替代解决方案。这项工作描述了茯苓,岩蔷薇,茴香和小茴香精油 (EO) 和 (小号)-香芹酮、孜然醛、草蒿脑和 (+)-fenchone玉米链球菌. 通过熏蒸和局部应用评估急性毒性。驱虫性通过使用玉米粒的区域偏好生物测定和二选一测试来评估。液相色谱50熏蒸法测定的范围为 51.8 至 535.8 mg·L-1空气，与（小号)-carvone 是最活跃的。LD50局部应用的值从每名成人 23 到 128 µg 不等（小号)-香芹酮 > 孜然醛 >A.graveolens>C. cyminum>P.crissum. 在双选择驱虫试验中，所有 EOs/标准化合物显着降低了被玉米粒吸引的昆虫百分比 (65-80%)，而在区域偏好生物测定 RD50从 1.4 到 45.2 µg cm-2, 与孜然醛, (小号)-carvone 和 estragle 是强烈的驱虫剂。岩蔷薇EO和孜然醛影响营养参数的相对生长率、摄食效率转化指数和拒食效果，表现出抗营养作用S. zeamais。此外，P.crissum和C. cyminumEOs 以及孜然醛显示出最高的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性体外（我知道了50= 185、235 和 214.5 µg 毫升-1， 分别）。EOs/标准化合物表现出急性毒性，一些处理显示出抗营养作用S. zeamais。因此，经过测试的植物产品可能是防止这种害虫造成损害的良好候选者。