Abstract When acrylic acid (AA) is synthesized from acetylene carbonylation using supported nickel as a heterogeneous catalyst, it is important to select a suitable carrier material. Accordingly, we prepared a series of nickel-loaded catalysts using treated expanded two-dimensional layered vermiculite (2D-VT), NaY, HY, MCM-41, and talcum powder (TP) as carriers. As a result, it was found that the calcined nickel-supported expanded NiO/2D-VT exhibited excellent catalytic performance as a catalyst. The highest yield (83.1%) was obtained. We used XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, FTIR, TGA, ICP and XPS to thoroughly characterize the catalysts. It was found that the two-dimensional layered structure of vermiculite (VT) itself with a hydroxyl structure provides a loading site for the active metal NiO, which promotes the formation of a hydrogen carboxyl group. And the excellent thermal stability of VT inhibits the formation of carbon deposits in the NiO/2D-VT catalyst during the reaction. Compared with other catalysts, the NiO/2D-VT catalyst has significantly less carbon deposits, more cycles are used, and activity decreases more slowly. In addition, we also studied the reasons for the decrease in the activity of the NiO/2D-VT catalyst used repeatedly, and found that the loss of NiO supported on the VT two-dimensional layered structure is the main reason for the catalyst deactivation. Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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膨胀的二维层状蛭石负载氧化镍纳米粒子为乙炔羰基化合成丙烯酸提供高活性

摘要 当以负载镍为多相催化剂由乙炔羰基化合成丙烯酸（AA）时，选择合适的载体材料很重要。因此，我们使用处理过的膨胀二维层状蛭石（2D-VT）、NaY、HY、MCM-41和滑石粉（TP）作为载体制备了一系列负载镍的催化剂。结果发现，煅烧后的镍负载膨胀型 NiO/2D-VT 作为催化剂表现出优异的催化性能。获得了最高的产率 (83.1%)。我们使用 XRD、SEM、TEM、BET、FTIR、TGA、ICP 和 XPS 来彻底表征催化剂。发现具有羟基结构的蛭石（VT）本身的二维层状结构为活性金属NiO提供了负载位点，促进了氢羧基的形成。VT优异的热稳定性抑制了反应过程中NiO/2D-VT催化剂中积碳的形成。与其他催化剂相比，NiO/2D-VT催化剂的积碳明显少，循环次数多，活性下降更慢。此外，我们还研究了反复使用的NiO/2D-VT催化剂活性降低的原因，发现负载在VT二维层状结构上的NiO的损失是催化剂失活的主要原因。图形摘要 我们还研究了反复使用的NiO/2D-VT催化剂活性降低的原因，发现负载在VT二维层状结构上的NiO的损失是催化剂失活的主要原因。图形摘要 我们还研究了反复使用的 NiO/2D-VT 催化剂活性降低的原因，发现负载在 VT 二维层状结构上的 NiO 的损失是催化剂失活的主要原因。图形摘要